主要统计指标解释Explanatory Notes on Main Statistical Indicators

年末从业人员 是指本机构年末直接组织安排工作并支付工资的各类人员总数。包括固定职工、在编制的合同制职工、招聘人员和返聘的离退休人员。不包括离退休人员、停薪留职人员。

从事科技活动人员 是指从业人员中的科技管理人员、课题研究人员和科技服务人员。课题研究人员是指编制在研究室或课题组的人员。

专业技术职称 填报本机构专业技术人员中专业技术职称情况，未实行专业技术职务聘任的单位，按原技术职称填报。

高级职称 是指研究员、副研究员；教授、副教授；高级工程师；高级农艺师；正、副主任医（药、护、技）师；高级实验师；高级统计师；高级经济师；高级会计师；编审（正、副编审）；译审（正、副译审）；高级（主任）记者；正、副研究馆员等。

中级职称 指助理研究员；讲师；工程师；农艺师；主治医（药、护、技）师；实验师；统计师；经济师；会计师；编辑；翻译；记者；馆员等。

初级职称 是指研究实习员；助教；助理工程师、技术员；助理农艺师、农业技术员；医（药、护、技）师；助理实验师、实验员；助理统计师、统计员；助理经济师；助理会计师、会计员；助理编辑、见习编辑；助理翻译；助理记者；助理馆员、管理员等。

科技经费 是指从各种渠道筹集的用于本单位科学技术研究活动的经费，不论来源渠道如何。

政府资金 指由各级政府部门直接拨款或企事业单位利用政府资金委托本机构从事科学技术活动所获得的收入。

非政府资金 指开展除政府拨款以外的各项活动的收入。

课题数 只统计列入本机构计划或由本单位管理部门认可，在当年内进行的课题。包括当年新开课题和上年结转课题。

经费内部支出 指当年为进行该课题研究而实际用于本机构内的全部支出，包括设备费、材料费、测试化验加工费、燃料动力费、差旅费、会议费、国际合作与交流费、出版/资料/信息传播/知识产业事务费、劳务费、专家咨询费、管理费等，不包括与外单位合作研究而拨给对方使用的经费。

科技论文 在国际上或在全国性学报或学术刊物上、省部属大专院校对外正式发行的学报或学术刊物上发表的论文。

被收录论文 主要指由美国出版的科学引文索引（《SCI》）、科学技术会议索引（《ISTP》）和工程索引（《EI》）三种检索系统中收录的科技人员发表的期刊论文和会议论文。

科技著作 是指经过正式出版部门编印出版的科技专著、大专院校教科书、科普著作。如果科技论文和科技著作系与本机构外的同行数人合著，为避免重复统计，只统计以本机构科技人员为第一作者的论文和著作。

授权专利 指当年由专利管理部门授予本单位专利权的职务专利件数。

获奖成果 填报本年度内本机构作为第一完成单位从地（市）及地（市）以上政府科技管理部门获得的各种科技成果奖的项数。

国家级奖励 是指国家自然科学奖、国家技术发明奖、国家科技进步奖。

省、部级奖励 是指以国务院各部门名义颁发的或省、自治区、直辖市政府（科委）名义颁发的重大科技成果奖和科技进步奖等。

Explanatory Notes on Main Statistical Indicators

Yearend employees－refer to the total sum of various kinds of persons who are organized and arranged to work and paid for work directly by an institution at the year end, including fixed staff and workers, contract staff and workers on the regular, recruited personnel, and re-employed retirees but excluding retirees and persons whose job is retained but salary is suspended.

Personnel engaged in scientific and technological activities－refer to personnel engaged in scientific and technological management, subject research, and scientific and technological services among the employees. Personnel engaged in subject research refer to those whose organization relationship is in research sections or subject teams.

Professional technical title－refers to the professional technical titles of professional technical persons in an organization. For an organization that has not implemented the system for appointment of professional technical posts, the original professional technical title is filled up.

Senior title－refers to senior researchers and associate senior researchers, professors and associate professors, senior engineers, senior agronomists, chief and deputy chief doctors (physicians, surgeons, pharmacists, nurses, and technicians), senior experimenters, senior statisticians, senior economists, senior accountants, senior editors and associate senior editors, senior translators and associate senior translators, senior (chief) correspondents (reporters), and senior librarians and associate librarians.

Intermediate title － refers to assistant researchers, lecturers, engineers, agronomists, doctors (physicians, surgeons, pharmacists, nurses, and technicians) in charge, experimenters, statisticians, economists, accountants, editors, translators, correspondents (reporters), and librarians.

Junior title－refers to research assistants, tutors, assistant engineers and technicians, assistant agronomists and agricultural technicians, practitioners (pharmacists, nurses, and technicians), assistant experimenters and junior experimenters, assistant statisticians and junior statisticians, assistant economists, assistant accountants and junior accountants, assistant editors and editors on probation, assistant translators, assistant correspondents (reporters), and assistant librarians and keepers (managerial persons).

Scientific and technological funds－refer to the funds used for scientific and technological research activities of a unit, which are raised from various channels no matter how they come.

Government funds－refer to the funds allocated directly by government departments at various levels or revenues obtained by enterprises and institutions which use the government-entrusted funds to undertake scientific and technological activities.

Nongovernmental funds－refer to the revenues obtained by various items of activities except for the funds allocated by the government.

Number of research subjects－refers to the research subjects included in the plan of an organization or recognized by the administration department of an organization and undertaken in the current year, including new subjects initiated in the current year and those transferred from the previous year.

Internal expenditures of funds－refer to all the expenditures used actually inside the organization for conducting research of the subject during the current year, including expenses for equipment, expenses for materials, expenses for tests, chemical analysis, and processing, expenses for fuel, traveling expense, expenses for meetings, expenses for international cooperation and exchange, expenses for publication/data/information dissemination/knowledge industrial business, service charge, consulting fees, and administration expenses, and excluding the funds allocated to the cooperative units.

Scientific and technological papers － refer to articles published in international or domestic academic publications and those formally distributed by universities and colleges affiliated to provinces and ministries.

Papers indexed/abstracted － refer to foreign-language papers published by scientific and technological personnel in international proceedings and international academic journals, which are indexed/abstracted in three retrieval systems: SCI (Science Citation Index), ISTP (Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings), and EI (Engineering Index) published in the United States.

Scientific and technological works － refer to scientific and technological monographs, text-books of universities and colleges, and popular science books compiled, printed, and published by formal publishing establishments. If scientific and technological papers and works are cowritten with colleagues beyond the organization, in order to evade repetition in statistical survey, only the papers and works whose first authors are scientific and technological persons of the organization are included in the statistics.

Authorized patent－refers to the number of position patents granted to the unit by the administration department for patent during the current year.

Winning of awards for achievements－refers to the number of various scientific and technological results prizes won by the organization as the first completion organization in the current year from scientific and technological administration departments of governments at and above the prefecture (city) level.

State-level awards－refer to the National Natural Science Prize, State Technological Invention Prize, State Scientific and Technological Progress Prize, and State Scientific and Technological Results Prize.

Provincial-and ministerial-level awards－refer to important scientific and technological results prizes and scientific and technological progress prizes issued in the name of various departments of the State Council or issued in the name of governments (commissions of science and technology) of provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities directly under the central government.