八月湖水平,涵虚混太清是什么地方??

2024-11-05 05:11:42
推荐回答(3个)
回答(1):

临洞庭上张丞相 [孟浩然]
八月湖水平,涵虚混太清。
气蒸云梦泽,波撼岳阳城。
欲济无舟楫,端居耻圣明。
坐观垂钓者,徒有羡鱼情。

诗文描写的是洞庭湖。
这是作者在长安遭到冷遇,回到襄阳后,又南游洞庭时,因面对波澜壮阔的湖水,不禁激起自己用世的壮志,就写了这首赠给张九龄的求荐诗。因此这是一首充满比兴意味的诗。这在唐代,已成为当时的一般知识分子登科出仕的必要手段,孟浩然也是为了这个目的。诗的前四句,境界恢宏,气象万千,体现了生机勃勃的盛唐气象,并为后半首求仕无门的比喻作好形象上的铺垫。从眼前浩瀚的洞庭湖写起,笔力雄健,写景壮阔,是全诗中最精彩的部分,特别是第二联,气象雄浑,惊心动魄。八月的洞庭湖,水势盛涨,几与岸平;天容水色,浑然一体。那湖面上滚滚蒸腾的云气,一片弥漫,笼罩着整体云梦巨泽;那浩森无边的波涛,汹涌澎湃,巍峨的岳阳城也震动了,这是何等的气势和力量。后四句因景即情,用“欲济无舟楫”抒情拟景,表达自己不得志的惆怅。因为自己出仕并非为了个人利禄,而是觉得在这清平时世,闲居是羞耻的,很想有所作为,所以说“端居耻圣明”。诗的末联,就势表述了自己虽然急于用世,但却不能象“垂钓者”那样去“垂钓”,去做出一番事业,因而深深感感到了“徒有羡鱼情”的苦闷和彷徨。这意思就是希望得到张九龄的赏识和援引,以便为国出力,不至于老死山林而无所事事,这是一种积极的求用于世的思想。尾联翻用典故进一步抒发自己因无官位而不得施展才能的淡淡幽怨,再表急于求仕之心。全诗气象恢宏,比兴巧妙。虽有干谒之意,但写得得体,措辞不卑不亢,没有丝毫寒乞相,语意含蓄委婉,情景浑融,情格并高。

回答(2):

  1. “八月湖水平,涵虚混太清”描写的是洞庭湖[dòng tíng hú]。

  2. 洞庭湖:中国第二大淡水湖,位于湖南省北部,长江荆江河段南岸,是长江重要的调蓄湖泊。洞庭湖北纳长江的松滋、太平、藕池、调弦四口来水,南和西接湘、资、沅、澧四水,由岳阳市城陵矶注入长江。

  3. 出自唐代诗人孟浩然的《临洞庭湖赠张丞相 》,原文:

      《临洞庭上张丞相》
              唐   孟浩然

    八月湖水平,涵虚混太清。
    气蒸云梦泽,波撼岳阳城。
    欲济无舟楫,端居耻圣明。
    坐观垂钓者,徒有羡鱼情。

  4. 注释:

    ⑴张丞相:指张九龄,唐玄宗时宰相,诗人,字子寿,一名博物。

    ⑵“八月”二句:湖水上涨,与岸齐平;天水相连,混为一体。虚、太清:均指天空。

    ⑶云梦泽:古时云、梦为二泽,长江之南为梦泽,江北为云泽,后来大部分变干变淤,成为平地,并称为云梦泽,约为今洞庭湖北岸一带地区。宋代范致明 《岳阳风土记》:“盖城据东北,湖面百里,常多西南风。夏秋水涨,涛声喧如万鼓,昼夜不息。”

    ⑷“欲济”二句:是以比喻的方式说,想做官却苦无门路,无人引荐,但不做官又有辱圣明的时代。

    ⑸羡鱼情:《淮南子·说林训》中记载:“临渊而羡鱼,不若归家织网。”这句仍是表示作者希望入仕,企盼有人引荐。

回答(3):

洞庭湖

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