绞股蓝与乌敛梅的区别

2025-02-14 10:04:16
推荐回答(3个)
回答(1):

1、外形不同

绞股蓝是葫芦科藤本小藤类攀延植物,有五叶绞股蓝、七叶绞股蓝和九叶绞股蓝几种,最常见的当属五叶绞股蓝,而七叶绞股蓝则有效成分较多,现在真正作为茶叶种植的以七叶绞股蓝为主,也有五叶和九叶的,绞股蓝茶作用在于降血压化脂等等,是高血压患者的良友。

乌敛莓,属于葡萄科藤本植物,与绞股蓝区别明显,它也可以作为中药材用于咽喉肿痛的辅助治疗。卷须与叶对生,聚伞花序,花4基数,单体雄蕊,上位子房,浆果。

2、生长环境不同

野生绞股蓝生长在山地林下、水沟旁、山谷阴湿处。喜荫蔽环境,上层覆盖度约50%-80%,通风透光,富含腐殖质壤土的沙地、沙壤土或瓦砾处。中性微酸性土或微碱性土都能生长。

乌敛梅生于旷野、山谷、林下、路旁。

3、药理作用不同

绞股蓝本种入药,有消炎解毒、止咳祛痰的功效。

乌敛梅治疗化脓性感染取新鲜全草或茎叶洗净,捣烂如泥,敷于患处。或取叶、根研成细末,和凡士林调成20%的软膏;或取其原汁烘干碾粉外用,每日换药1次。

治疗疖肿、痈、蜂窝组炎、化脓性淋巴结炎、外伤感染创口、烧伤感染残余创面、脓疱疮、天疱疮、冻疮溃烂、湿疹、皮炎等,具有消肿止痛、祛瘀生新的作用。

扩展资料

绞股蓝制成茶对人体有很好的益处,绞股蓝茶取材于绞股蓝叶腋部位的嫩芽和龙须,汤色清澈,可连续冲泡4-6杯,而汤色不减,具有生长点所含营养物质带来的保健功能,长期饮用,无任何毒副作用。

作用功效:降血脂,调血压防治血栓,防治心血管疾患,调节血糖,促睡眠,缓衰老,防抗癌,提高免疫力,调节人体生理机能。

绞股蓝能保护肾上腺和胸腺及内分泌器官随年龄的增长而不致萎缩,维持内分泌系统的机能,并具有降血糖和改善糖代谢作用。

乌敛梅作用:

对一般早中期疖、痈等化脓性感染,敷后即感到清凉舒服,经1~2次即可见炎症消退;对破溃或化脓创面,治疗后脓液明显减少,肉芽新鲜,加速上皮生长。对绿脓杆菌感染创面。经敷药1~2次,可见分泌物培养转阴。鲜草捣泥外敷也可用于关节扭伤和软组织挫伤。

参考资料来源:百度百科-绞股蓝

参考资料来源:百度百科-乌敛梅

回答(2):

1:外观形态的区别

绞股蓝:茎细弱,具分枝,具纵棱及槽,无毛或疏被短柔毛。叶膜质或纸质,鸟足状,具3-9小叶,通常5-7小叶,叶柄长3-7厘米,被短柔毛或无毛;小叶片卵状长圆形或披针形,中央小叶长3-12厘米,宽1.5-4厘米,侧生小较小,先端急尖或短渐尖,基部渐狭,边缘具波状齿或圆齿状牙齿。

乌敛梅:茎有卷须,有时有柔毛。掌状复叶,小叶5,很少为3或7,排成鸟足状,中间小叶椭圆状卵形,小叶柄长2—3厘米,两侧小叶渐小,成对着生于同一叶柄上,各小叶有小叶柄;叶总柄长3—5厘米。

2:果实的区别

绞股蓝:成熟后黑色,光滑无毛,内含倒垂种子2粒。种子卵状心形,径约4毫米,灰褐色或深褐色,顶端钝,基部心形,压扁,两面具乳突状凸起。

乌敛梅:果实近球形,直径约1厘米,有种子2-4颗;种子三角状倒卵形,顶端微凹,基部有短喙,种脐在种子背面近中部呈带状椭圆形,上部种脊突出,表面有突出肋纹,腹部中棱脊突出,两侧洼穴呈半月形,从近基部向上达种子近顶端。花期3-8月,果期8-11月。

3:生产区域的区别

绞股蓝:生长在山地林下、水沟旁、山谷阴湿处。喜荫蔽环境,上层覆盖度约50%-80%,通风透光,富含腐殖质壤土的沙地、沙壤土或瓦砾处。中性微酸性土或微碱性土都能生长。

乌敛梅:生于旷野、山谷、林下、路旁。分布于中国陕西、河南、山东、安徽、江苏、浙江、湖北、湖南、福建、台湾、广东、广西、海南、四川、贵州、云南。日本,菲律宾、越南、缅甸、印度、印度尼西亚和澳大利亚也有分布。

参考资料来源:百度百科_绞股蓝(葫芦目葫芦科植物)

参考资料来源:百度百科_乌蔹莓(植物)

回答(3):

绞股蓝与乌敛莓二者药性不同,植物形态很相似,但区别还是有的。
绞股蓝:葫芦科绞股蓝属 多年生草质藤本。鸟趾状复叶互生,卷须生于叶腋,小叶常5~7,有小叶柄。
乌蔹莓:葡萄科乌蔹莓属多年蔓生草本植物。鸟趾状复叶互生,卷须与叶对生,小叶5枚有小叶柄。二者从形态上看很相像但是有明显的区别。绞股蓝茎蔓是绿色的,乌蔹莓是褐红色的;绞股蓝的卷须生于叶腋,也就是说和叶子是在茎的同侧,而乌蔹莓的卷须与叶对生,与叶片生长方向相反;绞股蓝的叶片沿叶脉有刚毛,中叶片与其它叶片等大或稍大,小叶柄短。而乌蔹莓叶片光滑无毛,中叶片比其他叶片大许多,小叶柄稍长;绞股蓝味甘、微苦或不苦,尝之有清香味,后味是微甜的。乌蔹莓味苦,尝之酸、麻、苦难以下咽!

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