5个元音字母a,e,i,o,u的发音规则是怎么样

2024-12-28 13:34:58
推荐回答(1个)
回答(1):

A、E、I、O、U五个元音字母在词汇中的读音
A的发音规则.
A/a的发音比较复杂,归纳起来有9种情况:
(1)在重读开音节中读[ei].例如:
plane[plein] radio[’reidiƏu]
wake [ weik] paper[’peipƏ]
但要记住一个例外:have读做[hæv]而不是[heiv].
(2)在-ange组合中读[ei].例如:
change[tʃeindʒ] strange[streindʒ] arrange [ Ə’reindʒ ]
(3)在重读音节前的闭音节中一般读[æ].例如:
activity[æk’tiviti] transcription[træns’krip ʃ Ən]
有时也读做[Ə],例如:
accept[Ək’sept] Atlantic[Ət’læntik]
(4)在非重读音节中读做[Ə].例如:
substance[’sʌbstƏns] breakfast[’brekf Əst] woman[’wumƏn]
(5)在“a-I-辅音字母(除r、w之外)+不发音的e”的非重读音节中一般读做.例如
comrade[’kɔmrid] courage[’kʌridʒ]
但是,“一ate”中的a不论重读还是非重读都读[ei],例如:
calculate[’kælkjuleit] late[1eit] hesitate[’heziteit]
这里有两个例外,一是separate的形容词形式,读做[’sepƏrit],另外一个是climate,读做[’klaimit].
(6)在wh后面读[ɔ].例如:
what[wɔt] whatever[wɔt’ev Ə]
whale是例外,这个单词按照重读开音节读做[weil].
(7)在W后面读[ɔ:]例如:
water[’wɔ:tƏ] watch[wɔ:t ʃ] wander[’wɔ:ndƏ]
wave和wake是例外,要按照重读开音节分别读做[weiv]和[weik].
(8)在l前面读[ɔ:].例如:
chalk[tʃɔ:k] tall[tɔ:1]
always[’ɔ:lweiz] talk[tɔ:k]
但是,shall[ʃæl] valley[’væli] shallow[’ ʃælƏu]中读做[æ],wallet读做[’wɔlit].
(9)下列情况下,a发[a:]的音:
①在s之前,例如:
class[kla:s] grass[gra:s]
fast[fa:st] basket[’ba:skit]
例外有两个,haste[heist]和taste[teist],另外passage按照重读闭音节规则读音,读做[’pæsidʒ].
②在“m/n+辅音字母”之前,例如:
advance[Əd’va:ns] France[fra:ns] dance[da:ns]
例外的是grand[grænd]
③在th之前,例如:
path[pa:θ] rather[’ra:ðƏ]
④在lm之前,例如:
calm[ka:m] palm[pa:m]
⑤在lf之前,例如:
half[ha] calf[ka]
⑥在f之前,例如:
staff[sta] after[’atƏ] afternoon[’ atƏnu:n]
元音字母E的发音规则.
E/e以及E/e与其他字母的组合在英语单词中出现的很多,它们的读音规则有如下几种:
(1) 在重读开音节中,e一般读做[i:]或[i Ə].Ə
① [i:]例如:she he these
②[iƏ]例如:zero hero serious
(2) 在重读闭音节中,e一般读[e],例如:set bed ten Pen
(3) 在非重读音节中,e一般读做[i]或[Ə].
① [i]例如:enemy eleven excuse
② [Ə]例如:student open children
(4) e与其他字母组合的读音:
① ea一般可以读做:
[i:]例如:read sea meat repeat
[e]例如: bread weather breakfast
[iƏ]例如:real idea theatre
[ei]例如:great break
② ee一般读做[i:],例如:meet jeep see sheep sleep
③ er在重读音节中一般读做[Ə:],例如:term verb certain,在词尾一般读做[Ə],
例如:teacher worker clever
④ ear一般读做:
[Ə:]例如:early earth learn
[ɛƏ]例如:bear wear
[iƏ]例如:hear near dear
[a:]例如:heart
⑤ eer一般读做[iƏ],例如:pioneer engineer
⑥ eir一般读做[ɛƏ],例如:their
⑦ ere一般读做:
[ɛƏ]例如:where there
[iƏ]例如:here mere
⑧ ew大多读做[u:],例如:blew grew flew
⑨ 特殊词汇:clerk[kla:k] were[wƏ:]
I的发音规则.
(1) i在重读开音节中读[ai].例如:
bicycle[’baisikl] Friday[’fraidi]
private[’praivit] drive[draiv]
(2)双音节词的结尾是“辅音字母+le”,前面的i所在的音节是绝对开音节时,i读[ai].
例如:
title[’taitl] Bible[’baibl] rifle[raifl]
(3)在-igh,-ight,-ign,-ild,-ind中,i读[ai].例如:
bright [’brait] high[hai]
child[tʃaild]
但是也有例外,例如:
children[’tʃildrƏn] wind[wind]
(4)在词尾-ile,-ite,-ise,-ize,-wise里,i读[ai].例如:
advertise [’ædvƏtaiz] crocodile[’krɔkƏdail]
appetite[’æpitait] realize[’riƏlaiz]
otherwise[’ʌðƏwaiz]
(5)在词尾一ique里,i读[i:].例如:
antique[æn’ti:k] technique[tek’ni:k]
unique [ju’ni:k]
(6)在重读闭音节中i读.例如:big city dish kid skip rich
(7)在双音节和多音节词中i读.
例如:differ fifteen history mixture village winner
O的发音规则
(1)o在重读开音节中读[Əu].例如:progress moment notice close ocean
(2)词的结尾是-ia,-ial,-ian,-iate,-io,-ion,-ious,-ium等,前面只有一个辅音字母(r除外)时,o读[Əu].例如:
associate[Ə’s Əuʃieit] devotion[di’vƏuʃƏn]
Mongolia[mɔŋ’gƏuljƏ]
(3)双音节词的词尾是-a,-al,-an,-ar,-en,-ive,-o,-on,-or,-our,-um,--us,-y时,o读[Əu].例如:broken local open stolen lotus
(4)在双音节词和多音节词中,o读[Əu].例如:
alone[Ə’lƏun] postpone[pƏust’pƏun]
explode[iks’plƏud]
(5)在-old,-oll,-ost中,o读[Əu].例如:almost cold soldier post
(6)词末的o读[Əu].例如:also piano tobacco
(7)多音节词的词尾“o+辅音字母+e”,o也读[Əu].例如:telephone envelope
(8)在move、prove及其派生词里读做[u:],例如:move approve
U的发音规则
字母U/u以及U/u与其他字母组合的读音规则如下:
(1)在重读开音.节中,U一般读做:
①[ju:],例如:student use
②在字母l、r、j之后读做[u:],例如:blue rule June
(2)在重读闭音节中一般读做:
①[ʌ],例如:but bus cup
②,例如:put full
(3)在非重读音节中一般读做:
①[Ə],例如:upon suppose suggest
②[ju],例如:communist occupation
③在字母l、r、j之后读,例如:instrument
④在词尾的-ute,-ude中u读[ju:],例如:institute attitude
但是在minute[minit]中U读
(4)与其他字母组合的读音:
①ur,有两种读音:
在重读音节中读做[a:],例如:turn nurse
在非重读音节中读做[Ə],例如:Saturday murmur
②ure,有3种读音:
[juƏ],例如:pure cure
[uƏ],例如:sure
[Ə],例如:figure injure pleasure
③ui,一般有4种读音:
[ju:],例如:suit
[jui],或[ju:i],例如:
suicide[’sjuisaid] tuition[tju:’i ʃ Ən]
在字母l、r、J之后读做[u:],例如:fruit juice,或者读做[ui],例如:fluid ruin
例外的是suite读[swi:t]
④qu一般读做[kw],例如:question quite quickly

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