巴金《 寒夜》赏析

2025-02-27 15:19:48
推荐回答(1个)
回答(1):

作品分析: 

主题:《寒夜》是一部沉思的文学,也是一部现实主义的悲剧杰作。小说有别于《激流》《憩园》,并不是写大家庭在时代转换中的崩溃,而是着重描写小家庭在社会磨难中的破毁,描写的是一个由自由恋爱组成的知识分子家庭如何在现实的重压下破裂的辛酸故事,围绕着一个善良、忠厚的小公务员的生离死别、家破人亡的悲剧,揭示了旧中国善良正直的知识分子的命运,暴露了抗战后期国统区的黑暗现实,为我们展现了一幅国民党统治中心重庆人民群众悲惨的生活图画,为受压迫、受侮辱的小人物呼出了愤懑和不平。 

人物形象:《寒夜》的突出特色,就是成功地塑造了三个具有较高典型意义的悲剧形象: 

小说主人公汪文宣和曾树生都是受过大学教育的现代知识分子,有着共同的“教育救国”的理想,也曾编织过许多美丽的幻想。这种平凡的追求曾给他们以无限的希望,但在社会现实的压力下,理想破灭了,青春消逝了,余留下来的只是生活的悲哀、和人性的扭曲。 

汪文宣是一个在旧社会中受生活的重压、精神饱受折磨的软弱的知识分子形象,具有双重性格:一方面,冷酷的世道、艰辛的生活和繁重的工作,把他扭曲成了一个异常懦弱的人,既无力应付沉重的生活,也无法解开两个爱他的女人的矛盾。

汪文宣本是上海某教育大学教育系毕业生,抗战爆发粉碎了他的理想,为保自己不喜欢的工作和一点薪水,他小心翼翼,唯唯诺诺。在家里,又处于婆媳争执的夹缝中无法排解。他老好到卑微的性格成为妻子离开的一种原因,最后贫病交加而死,冷酷的社会现实和家庭纠纷结合起来,成为其不可抵抗的沉重压力;另一方面,作为一个知识分子,汪文宣仍然不失其善良正直的品质,不满于当时的黑暗现实,同情比自己更不幸的人,热爱自己的妻子、母亲和孩子,常常为不能使他们幸福快乐而自愧自责。

爱与恨,理想与现实,理智与情感、生存与死亡……种种矛盾交织着、冲突着,郁积在汪文宣的心中,使他不能自拔,最终在宣布日本投降,欢庆抗战胜利的日子里孤寂地死去。 

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