如何种樱桃树

2025-03-26 16:16:07
推荐回答(2个)
回答(1):

不行,你买的是甜樱桃,不是野樱桃,你只能买树苗或接穗,得3年

回答(2):

樱樱桃,黄褥花科,被子植物,双子叶。常绿灌木,株高1-3公尺,具有多数分枝,小枝对生,枝上有明显的皮孔,单叶,对生,长椭园形或倒卵园形,叶柄短,全绿,革质,表面浓绿色,背面浅绿色,羽状侧面脉4-6对,叶脉在叶面凸出。花为浅粉红色,花瓣5枚,腋生,聚散花序。核果,形似樱桃,有三浅沟,微呈三瓣状,红色;种子约有3-5个,果重约7-11克。
一、养份:
1、樱桃以含丰富维生素C著称,100cc果汁中含维生素C高达1400mg,是到目前为止,已发现植物中维生素C含量最高者。
2、经实验结果,一颗果实就含有约70mg的维生素C,足够成人一天需量60mg而有余。比番石榴高出约50倍,如浓缩成锭比柠檬多200倍。
二、樱桃的品种
目前俗称“樱桃”的果树有许多种,例如樱桃、扁樱桃及栎叶樱桃等,其果实形状虽与真正的樱桃有点相似,但由于具有不同程度的酸味、故少有人鲜食,而大都以观赏为目的如盆栽、庭园美化、绿化利用等,但其中也有利用其果实者,以樱桃最为常见。
樱桃Malipghia glabra l.属黄褥花科(或称金虎尾科)(Malpighiaceae),原产地热为热带美洲。根据报告指出,目前所栽培的樱桃品种大致有三种:
1、甜味种-果面陵线隆起明显,花色为淡粉白色且叶片长椭圆形,可生食。
2、酸味种-果面光滑、花为深红色且叶片卵圆形,供加工用。
3、甜味小粒种-果粒小、果粒光滑、风味淡多作庭园观赏用。
樱桃植株生长强健,对土壤的要求并不严,自砂土至粘土或微龄性土壤皆可栽培,但忌积水。
1、经济栽培
选用排水良好的果园,定植前土壤宜深耕。种植适期为每年3-6月,于雨季前将培育至6-12个月苗龄根系已充分发育的幼苗定植于田间,行株距一般可采4×5或5×5厘米。定植后地面宜加以一般说敷盖,以保持土壤水分并防止杂草生长。
由于水分充分有助于生长及产量的增加,且果实较大。本省秋后至春季为埋季应实施灌溉。每年2-3月早春时节,在新梢发生前,施用10-0-10复合肥料,可促进其生长与开花。每株每龄施肥量增加约200克,一直到10年生以上具维持在2公斤。除春肥外在5、7月或9、10月,仍需施肥,此时可以采用腐熟有机堆肥,每株每年需5-10公斤,至于冬季12-2月为植株休眠期,不需要施肥。施肥的方法,可采环状施肥或八卦形施肥,将肥料平均散布于树下地面,其范围为自树士对树冠外约30厘米处,然后予以浅耕。樱桃属小灌木,分枝旺盛,每株宜留3-5主枝,主枝上再留结果侧枝,每年秋季约9-10月间,于结果完成时进行修剪并施肥一次,将过密通风不佳的侧枝、枯死及下垂枝剪除,并控制树高不要超过1.7厘米,以方便采收果实及管理。秋季修剪可促进冬季休眠前新梢的产生,同时施肥可使叶片在冬季仍维持常绿。
樱桃种植后第二年开始开花结果,温度高时周年均可开花。
2、庭园栽培:
由于樱桃具有优美的树型,常年的绿叶及几年近周年不息的花朵与鲜艳的果实,用于庭园观赏与供应家庭营养的需要,试属非常适合。以景观为主时,可以自然式整形修剪,或以形象树定型休剪如动物、屋宇、四方形或凉亭等,每年按生长情形酌次修剪,可快速成型。供绿离植物栽培时,种植的株距可缩小至0.5-1厘米。

樱桃树具有树体生长迅速的特点,枝叶生长、开花结果都集中在生长季节的前半期,这一时期既要生长又要大量结果,树体消耗养分多,且花芽分化多在采果后的短时间内完成,据此樱桃树施肥有以下特点:

1、重视前期追肥。樱桃开花到果实成熟只需40~60天,需要营养集中,因此施肥管理上,除秋施基肥外,还应进行萌芽前、果实发育初期追肥,第一次以速效性氮肥为主,第二次施用氮磷钾复合肥或果树专用肥。

2、注意采收后施肥。果实采收后,为了增强树体营养积累,促进花芽分化,可追施氮、磷、钾复合肥。

3、施足基肥。以秋季早施为宜,一般每年9~10月份结合翻耕,每667平方米施腐熟有机肥(圈肥、土杂肥、人畜粪均可)2000~5000千克。

4、根外追肥。盛花期喷施0.3%尿素、0.1~0.2%硼砂、0.2~0.4%磷酸二氢钾混合液,对增产有较好效果。

5、施肥方法。樱桃树垂直根不发达,根系在土壤中分布浅,但水平根发达。生长期施肥,为减少伤根,可放射线沟施集中穴施。

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