世界上最长开凿最早的人工河是什么大运河

2025-03-29 13:31:23
推荐回答(2个)
回答(1):

京杭大运河全长1794千米,是世界上最长的一条人工运河,是苏伊士运河的16倍,巴拿马运河的33倍,纵贯南北,是中国重要的一条南北水上干线。背负了南北大量物资的运输交换,也有助于中国的政治、经济和文化的发展。由于年久失修,目前,京杭运河的通航里程为1442千米,其中北起北京,南至杭州,经过北京、天津、河北、山东、江苏和浙江六省市,沟通了海河、黄河、淮河、长江、钱塘江五大水系。全年通航里程为877千米,主要分布在黄河以南的山东、江苏和浙江三省。
  京杭大运河沿线是中国最富庶的农业区之一,工业生产很发达。在兖州、济宁、枣庄、滕州市、丰县、沛县、徐州、邳州及两淮等有大中型煤矿,连接上海、南京、徐州、镇江、常州、无锡、苏州、杭州等工业城市。为了使“黄金水道”产生“黄金”效益,沿线的鲁、苏、浙三省对大运河各段进行了整治、扩建和渠化,使千年古运河重新焕发了青春,成为中国仅次于长江的第二条“黄金水道”。运河沿线的主要港口有济宁、徐州、邳州、淮阴、淮安、宝应、高邮、扬州、镇江、常州、无锡、苏州、吴江和杭州等。济宁段(山东济宁—江苏徐州蔺家坝),全长约130多千米,济宁段主航道将由六级航道标准提高到三级标准,底宽由目前的16米拓宽到50米,水深达到3米。届时,千吨级船舶可由长江直达济宁,年通过能力将达到2500万吨,新增港口吞吐能力1350万吨,抵得上新建一条“京沪铁路”。
  江苏境内的京杭大运河,全长628千米。对苏北、苏南运河进行了整治扩建。扩建了京杭运河上的谏壁、解台两座二线船闸和淮阴、淮安、宿迁三座三线船闸,消除了京杭运河江苏段的“瓶颈”制约,实现了京杭运河苏南、苏北全线畅通,为江苏及华东地区提供了一条南北水上快速交通大动脉。
  苏北运河(徐州蔺家坝—淮阴—扬州六圩口),全长404千米,纵跨徐州、邳州、宿迁、淮阴、扬州等11个县市,沟通了微山湖、骆马湖、洪泽湖、高邮湖等水系,是京杭运河上运输最繁忙的河段。基本建成二级航道,成为京杭运河上等级最高的航道,常年可行驶2000吨级的船舶。目前有苏、鲁、沪、浙、湘、豫等十多个省市的船舶航行其中,年货运量可达3亿多吨。徐州段最大通过量已达5500万吨船舶吨位,其中货物通过量达3500万吨

 。
  苏南运河(镇江谏壁—常州—南浔),全长224千米,贯穿江苏经济最发达的常州、镇江、无锡、苏州等县市,沟通了长江、太湖水系,与上海、浙江等周边地区的省际河流相连。目前有苏、鲁、皖、沪、湘、鄂、川等13个省市的船舶在该段运河上航行。航道全部达到四级标准,可通航500吨级船队,目前,年货运量已超过1亿吨,超过江苏境内长江航道的运量,相当于沪宁铁路单线货运量的3倍。航行船舶的密度超过了德国的莱茵河,是京杭运河上运量最大,密度最高的河段之一,刚建成的谏壁船闸日均船舶通过量已达10万吨以上。

回答(2):

京杭大运河。

世界 上开凿最早、最长的人工运河是京杭大运河。

灵渠(沟通湘江流域和珠江流域)最早京杭大运河,是世界上开凿最早、规模最大、里程最长的运河。

大运河南起余杭(今杭州),北到涿郡(今北京),途经今浙江、江苏、山东、河北四省及天津、北京两市,贯通海河、黄河、淮河、长江、钱塘江五大水系,全长约1797公里。运河对中国南北地区之间的经济、文化发展与交流,特别是对沿线地区工农业经济的发展起了巨大作用。

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