推荐回答(3个)
古代所说的名将,一定是他的仁慈足以安抚众人,智慧足以料敌,勇敢足以抵御外侮,忠义足以闻名,然后可以做出不同寻常的功绩,名垂后世而不穷尽,而不是侥幸取得成功的人。史书记为李广立传,说他是名将,并可惜他的奇才事迹,后来人们也多附和。在我看来,李广是不仁不义没有智慧没有勇气的人,怎么能为名将呢!那是为什么?李广以卫尉为将军,被匈奴单于生擒,说明其不够勇武。霸陵尉因为旧怨而被杀,陇西羌人投降后却被用欺诈手段杀死,则是其不仁义。为选骁骑都尉,而私下接受梁王印,就是不忠义。身为大将,不清楚地理位置,甚至迷路,就不明智。不仁不义没有智慧没有勇武,可称为名将吗?
况且对李广的任命并不是不重要,七次太守,四次将军。他为太守时,调到上郡只不过是得到了朝中贵人(公孙昆邪)的美言而已,调到北平则徒有飞将军的虚名而已(没有打仗),到了上谷云中陇西北部则碌碌无为不足为道。他做将军时,率军埋伏在马邑城却不成功,岀定襄却唯独他没有战功,岀雁门,大败,岀东道却又几乎等于失败。像这样当将军的,可以说完全辜负了对他的期望。用军事家司马田穰苴的兵法理论来论述李广,擅自杀人应处死他,违反律法更应处死;杀害投降的人应当处死,怀有二心也应当被处死;轻慢军令应当处死,辜负皇恩更该被处死。李广这样所谓的名将,真的应该存在吗?史公想为他说话却没有办法,于是就杜撰了很多他的奇才事迹来迷惑他人。如果没有这些事迹,即使是白面的书生,絝纨子弟,看门的走卒门都能够成就他那样的功绩;有了这些事迹,即使节身自制如齐桓公、晋文公,贤德仁义如汤、武,也不能战胜他,难道他是这样吗?难道他是这样吗?而且史记以李广行军没有严密的编组和队列阵势,部队却从未遇到危险这件事来称道他,尤其错误。易经上说:军队出征必须有严格的纪律。荀子说:秦国的精锐军队无法抵挡齐桓公、晋文公纪律严明的部队。纪律不严明而可以取胜的人,不曾有过。李广没有显赫军功也正好证明了这点。史公反以此作为美谈,这是多么荒谬的事啊?况且为将没有显赫的功勋,只说从未遇到危险而已,那么这世上善于躲避敌人的,那就都成为名将了!那怎么可以!虽然史记上说李广得赏赐就分发下去,游戏饮食与士兵一起,那么,不吝啬财物的人,后来当了将军,就会不体恤士卒疾苦,并以克扣士兵为乐吗!始终毫无功勋,却以奇才事迹作为噱头,这岂不是又如李广一样的罪人吗。
古代所说的名称将是,一定是他的仁慈足以安抚众人,智慧足以料敌,勇敢足以抵御外侮,义足以著节,然后可以做出不同寻常的功,将无穷的名字,如果这不是侥幸取得成功的原因。史书记载的为李广立传的,在他为名将,但可惜他数奇,后来人们也多去和他。在我看来,广是不仁不义没有智慧没有勇气的人,怎么能为名将吗!那是为什么?广泛用衞尉为将军,为单于所生得,就没有勇气。霸陵尉因为怨恨而被杀,陇西羌旣投降而假装杀死,那么麻木不仁。为选骁骑都尉,而私下接受梁王印,就不正义。身为大将,昧於地理位置,到迷路,就不明智。不仁不义没有智慧没有勇气,而可称为名将吗?况且广泛的接受责任不做不重要了,七是太守,四是将军。他为太守啊,上郡就得到的宦官的嘴而已,北平就只是有飞将军的名号而已,上谷云生陇西北部碌碌无足道。他是将军啊,埋伏在马邑城就不会成功,岀定襄却无功,岀雁门,大败,岀东道却又几乎在失败。为将如此,可以说没有任何人的心。任命司马田穰苴的方法论的,擅自将坚决处罚,失律也被;降固杀杀,怀二心也被;慢让本来被杀,对不起恩也被。广泛的所谓名将的,究竟在哪里呢?史公想做的话就不可能,于是创立数奇的说法来迷惑人。果你,数不多,即使白面书生,絝纨子弟,在专门门槛就能够成功;数奇,即使节制像齐桓公、晋文公,仁义如汤、武,也不能取胜,难道他是这样吗?难道他是这样吗?而且史以广行没有队伍行列,不曾被杀害被称,就特别谬误很。易说:老师岀以律。荀子说:秦国的锐卒不能抵挡齐桓公、晋文公的节制。节制不明确而可以取胜的人,不曾有过(这种仪器)。广泛的无功也正因这。史公反以为美谈,多么荒谬?并且为将没有显赫的功勋,只说不曾遇到伤害而已,那么世界的技巧在躲避敌人的,都成为名将了!那怎么可以!但是史称广得赏赐就分,游戏下饮食和士兵一起的,当然不是在财产的艰难,后来他为将者,不体恤士兵的痛苦,随后入侵成功的,到了所到之处无功,也借口在数奇的说法,这又广的罪人啊?
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