推荐回答（1个）
编者按：导游语言是口头表达艺术，它不但要求导游按照规范化的祖国语言来解说导游词，而且要求尽可能做到语言的艺术化，以充分体现导游语言的美感。具体要求是：(一)语言畅达，措词恰当。流畅通达的口语讲解，使旅游者能够听清、听懂并领会导游词的内容及用意。因此必须语气衔接自然，词语搭配得当，遣词造句准确，如行云流水，令人清爽舒服。有些导游词要一气呵成，达到不加思索脱口而出的程度。切勿用空洞的套话、华而不实的描绘、不伦不类的比喻，因为这使游客厌烦。因此精确地选用词语，进而连贯地表达意思，是导游语言美的一个重要方面，也是导游语言组织能力的一种体现。使用导游语言时，还应注意语言表现对象与语言环境的统一，使语言表达更适应环境气氛的需要，更具有表现力。例如导游讲解杭州岳坟，应准确地表现岳飞抗金报国的浩然正气，同时又要表现南宋最高统治者苟且偷安，卖国奸臣的卑鄙无耻。如此则应当注意用不同感情色彩的语言，来评价这两种截然不同的历史人物，使听者从中受到感染。(二)鲜明生动，富有表情。导游语言要求词语选用丰富多彩，句式组合灵活多样，并恰如其分地运用比拟、夸张、借代、比喻、映衬、象征等多种修辞手法，将千姿万态的景观，讲得栩栩如生。为之，导游语言必须富有文学艺术色彩，具有感染力和振撼人心的力量。(三)诙谐幽默，风趣活泼。旅游需要轻松愉快、活泼有趣的氛围。这往往需要导游的讲解富有诙谐幽默的风度。要使语言具有幽默感，就要善於捕捉话题，巧妙地运用夸张的词语、有趣的比喻、善意的讽刺或令人发噱的双关语、仿用语等。例如佛寺的天王殿里一般都有汉化弥勒对门供奉，讲解时可以这样说：“为什么弥勒菩萨挺出肚子笑口大开，原来他是欢迎大家来此一游，祝福大家凡事想得开，凡人都相容”。再如讲解杭州“西湖十景”之一的“断桥残雪”，必然要联系到民间故事《白蛇传》里白娘子和许仙断桥邂逅的故事;这时如有新婚夫妇或恋人情侣在场，导游可以说：“白娘子就是以借伞的机会与许仙相识的，但我不知道你们是怎样认识的?那就安排在返程途中作为我们的活动内容，到时务请你们如实介绍。”诙谐幽默的语言确能使人发笑，但使人发笑的语言并不都是诙谐幽默的;导游语言应当是健康活泼的，不能把那些庸俗低级、龌龊禁忌的笑话和语句污染了导游语言。(四)语气文雅，合乎礼仪。提倡礼貌用语，说话讲究文明，这是各行各业，尤其是服务性行业职业道德的重要内容之一。导游语言应当合乎礼仪。如果语言不美，说话粗鲁，直接会影响旅游者的情绪;甚至引起误解、争吵、斗殴。文雅、谦逊的语言也表现了一个人的气质和修养，彬彬有礼的导游语言会使旅游者产生一种信任感和亲切感，有利於相互间沟通和增进友谊。使用礼貌语言要注意不同对象和场台，善於把握词语的感情色彩，一般称呼语要用得恰当，招呼语要符合礼节，尊敬语要注意对象，有事多用询问、商量和请求的语气;批评时要尽可能地使用委婉语气;对於有生理缺陷或残疾人说话时更应忌讳;谈工作要多用祈使、商酌语气;需要旅游者配合帮助时切不可忘用恳求道谢等词语。相关推荐：导游学习中切忌发生的10个问题导游景点讲解方法与技巧接待散客时应注意哪几点呢？全陪出团4大注意事项
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