推荐回答(5个)
一般来说当垂直于板受力方向的洞口宽度小于300mm或洞直径小于300mm,并且切断钢筋数不足5%此时可以不做加固处理;当所开洞口宽度或者直径不大于1000mm的时候,且开洞后对板受力影响较小,仅按构造加固是,可以采用补偿配筋法在洞口周围采用粘钢或者碳纤维布进行加固;对于所开洞口较大或者切断钢筋数20%且洞口周围存在较大集中荷载时,以及预制板切断主肋时,均应在洞口边另设边梁支撑传力。一般所设边梁为刚梁或现浇混凝土梁,且新增构件均需与原有构件有可靠锚固。
对开洞后板进行内力分析和承载力验算选择合理的加固方法进行洞口加固,楼板开洞后中青建筑加固建议可采用以下几种加固方法进行加固:
1.增大板截面加固法。增大板截面加固法是于板面或者板底增做不小于40mm厚的钢筋混凝土后浇层,为了方便施工多采用板面浇筑以形成刚性楼盖和屋盖。如若必须采用板底浇筑叠合层,需对板底进行凿毛处理采用喷射法进行施工。加固用的钢筋,应采用热轧钢筋,板的受力钢筋直径不少于8mm。
2.板粘贴碳纤维布加固法。板粘贴碳纤维布加固法是通过结构胶将碳纤维布顺着板跨方向粘贴于板底受拉部位,并在其端部须有可靠锚固。其优点是碳纤维布具有质轻高强,可多层粘贴,加固后基本不增加原构件重量,且不影响结构外形,不仅仅能提高结构承载力还可以增强结构的刚度。
3.板粘贴钢板法。板粘贴钢板法加固受弯构件板,除应符合正截面承载力的基本假定外,尚应符合下列规定:
①.当考虑二次受力影响时,应按构件加固的受力初始情况,确定钢板的滞后应变。
②.在达到受弯承载能力极限状态前,外粘钢板均不能与混凝土之间出现粘结剥离破坏。
③.钢筋混凝土结构构件被加固后,其正截面受弯承载力的提高幅度,不应超过40%,并应验算其受剪承载力,避免受弯承载力提高后而导致构件受剪破坏先于受弯破坏。
你好,我来回答你的问题,像这样的情况,在现代建筑结构改造中很常见,加固处理也很简单:
第一步,卸荷:
拆除楼板时为保证安全先卸掉楼板上的活荷载;
第二步,切割楼板:
用专业拆除切割工具(墙锯、水钻切割机等)沿梁边缘和楼板画红线方向切割,注意切割楼板时一定要分块切割,做到人工能搬动或是用倒链等吊装工具把分割好的楼板块安全放下为止,沿红线方向切割楼板时要向红线左边少切割40cm,这40cm的混凝土要用电动工具破碎拆除保留剩下的40cm原楼板钢筋,在钢筋20cm处打弯90度;
第三步,新增梁:
没楼板红线方向新增一道250cm×220cm的现浇混凝土梁,梁上下铁各4根二级国标螺纹16号钢筋,新增梁筋要植入(即植筋加固法)原梁15d(即15×1.6cm=24cm)深(注意:新增梁与原梁接触部位一定要凿毛处理,把原梁抹灰层和钢筋保护层剔掉),梁箍筋为一级国标圆钢8号钢筋间距15cm布置,梁两端1/3处为箍筋加密区间距10cm,再把弯折好的40cm原楼板筋插入新的梁内支好模板;
第四步,浇筑混凝土梁:
把新老混凝土接触部位用清水冲洗干净再刷一层界面剂,待界面剂干燥后浇筑混凝土即可,注意后期混凝土养护,保持充足水份;
混凝土养护10-15天拆掉模板做楼梯即可。
楼板底开洞,然后把周围混凝土破碎保留钢筋,处理好界面,新增加加强钢筋,加固好后重浇混凝土就行了,啥新技术都不用,电锤电镐风镐就好了,一些考虑较多的震动什么的,咱们要求不高,不用这么多关心的。
这样的话什么都不用新加,当然家楼梯的话,还的加一个小横梁的,不能直接落在板上。
两边板下梁掏洞加一梁,和梁筋、板边筋连上,一起浇筑混凝土
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