用C设计哈希表——数据结构课程设计

#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
#define Maxsize 57
struct record
{ char name[20];
char tel[20];
char add[20];
};
typedef record * precord;struct HashTable
{ int elem[Maxsize]; //存放数组a[]的下标
int count;
};
typedef HashTable * pHashTable;
int Number; //统计当前数组a[]中的记录总数
void Getdata(precord a) //从文件telphone.txt中读取数据存放到数组a[]
{ Number=0;
ifstream infile("telphone.txt",ios::in|ios::binary);
if(!infile) {cout<<"文件打开失败!\n"; exit(1);}
while(!infile.eof() && infile.get()!=EOF) //文件不为空并且文件指针没有指到结束符
{infile.seekg(Number*sizeof(a[Number]),ios::beg); //定位文件指针
infile.read((char *)&a[Number],sizeof(a[Number]));
Number++;
}
infile.close();
}
void Add(precord a) //添加记录
{ int i,num;
cout<<"当前文件内已有"< cout<<"请输入添加的个数:";
cin>>num;
ofstream ofile("telphone.txt",ios::app);
if(! ofile) {cout<<"文件打开失败!"; exit(1);}
for(i=0;i { cout<<"请输入第"< cin>>a[Number].name;
cout<<"请输入第"< cin>>a[Number].tel;
cout<<"请输入第"< cin>>a[Number].add;
ofile.seekp(ios::end);
ofile.write((char *)&a[Number],sizeof(a[Number]));
Number++;
}
ofile.close();
}

void Print(precord a) //显示所有记录
{ int i;
for(i=0;i {
cout<<"第"< cout<<" 姓名:"< cout<<" 电话:"< cout<<" 地址:"< }
}
int Hash(char str[]) //除留取余
{ long val=0;char p[20],*p1;
strcpy(p,str);
p1=p;
while(*p1!='\0')
val=val+*p1++; //将字符串中的所有字符对应的ASCII值相加
return(val%Maxsize);
} int derter; //线性增量
int Line_Sollution(int address) //采用线性探测解决冲突
{
derter++;
if(derter==Maxsize) return(-1);
else return((address+derter)%Maxsize);
} int n;
int Square_Sollution(int address) //采用平方探测法解决冲突
{ int j;
derter++;
if(derter==Maxsize) return -1;
n=n*(-1);
j=(int(pow(derter,2))*n+address)%Maxsize;
return(j);
} void Init_Hash(pHashTable h) //初始化哈希表
{ int i;
for(i=0;i h->elem[i]=-1;
}
int menu;
void Creathash_Name(pHashTable h,precord a)
//以用户名为关键字创建哈希表
{ cout<<"--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n";
cout<<" 1----以线性探测建表\n";
cout<<" 2----以平方探测建表\n";
cout<<"--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n";
int i,address;
cin>>menu;
Init_Hash(h);
for(i=0;i { derter=0;n=-1;
address=Hash(a[i].name);
while(h->elem[address]!=-1)
{if(menu==1) address=Line_Sollution(address);
else address=Square_Sollution(address);
if(address==-1) break;
} if(address!=-1) { h->elem[address]=i; h->count++;}
}
cout<<"姓名哈希表已成功建立!\n";
}
void Search_Name(pHashTable h,precord a) //查找并显示指定姓名的记录
{ cout<<"请输入要查找的姓名:";
char nam[20];int address,i=1;
cin>>nam;
address=Hash(nam);
derter=0;n=-1;
while(h->elem[address]!=-1 && strcmp(nam,a[h->elem[address]].name)!=0)
{ if(menu==1) address=Line_Sollution(address);
else address=Square_Sollution(address);
i++;
if(address==-1) break;
}
if(h->elem[address]!=-1 && strcmp(nam,a[h->elem[address]].name)==0)
{ cout<<"你要查找的信息为:\n";
cout<<" 姓名:"<elem[address]].name< cout<<" 电话:"<elem[address]].tel< cout<<" 地址:"<elem[address]].add< cout<<"比较次数为"< }
else cout<<"无此姓名,查找失败!";
}
void Creathash_tel(pHashTable h,precord a)
//以电话号为关键字创建哈希表
{ cout<<"--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n";
cout<<" 1----以线性探测建表\n";
cout<<" 2----以平方探测建表\n";
cout<<"--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n";
int i,address;
cin>>menu;
Init_Hash(h);
for(i=0;i { derter=0;n=-1;
address=Hash(a[i].tel);
while(h->elem[address]!=-1)
{if(menu==1) address=Line_Sollution(address);
else address=Square_Sollution(address);
if(address==-1) break;
} if(address!=-1) { h->elem[address]=i; h->count++;}
}
cout<<"电话号哈希表已成功建立!\n";
} void Search_tel(pHashTable h,precord a)
//查找并显示指定电话号的记录
{ cout<<"请输入要查找的电话:";
char telphone[20];int address,i=1; //i统计比较次数
cin>>telphone;
address=Hash(telphone);
derter=0; n=-1; //初始化线性增量
while(h->elem[address]!=-1 && strcmp(telphone,a[h->elem[address]].tel)!=0)
{ if(menu==1) address=Line_Sollution(address);
else address=Square_Sollution(address);
i++;
if(address==-1) break;
}
if(h->elem[address]!=-1 && strcmp(telphone,a[h->elem[address]].tel)==0)
{ cout<<"你要查找的信息为:\n";
cout<<" 姓名:"<elem[address]].name< cout<<" 电话:"<elem[address]].tel< cout<<" 地址:"<elem[address]].add< cout<<"比较次数为"< }
else cout<<"无此电话,查找失败!";
} void Menu() //功能菜单函数
{for(int i=1;i<=5;i++)
cout< cout<<" 电话号码查询系统\n";
cout<<'\n';
cout<<" ★☆★☆★☆★☆★☆★☆★☆★☆★☆★☆★☆★☆★☆\n";
cout<<" ☆ 0-------退出 ★\n";
cout<<" ★ 1-------添加 ☆\n";
cout<<" ☆ 2-------显示所有 ★\n";
cout<<" ★ 3-------以性命建立哈希表 ☆\n";
cout<<" ☆ 4-------以电话建立哈希表 ★\n";
cout<<" ★ 5-------按用户名查找 ☆\n";
cout<<" ☆ 6-------按电话号查找 ★\n";
cout<<" ☆★☆★☆★☆★☆★☆★☆★☆★☆★☆★☆★☆★☆★\n";
cout<<" 使用说明:\n";
cout<<" 1.添加新纪录后,如要进行查找请先进行3或4操作\n";
cout<<" 2.按用户名查找之前,请先进行3操作建立用户名哈希表\n";
cout<<" 3.按用户名查找之前,请先进行4操作建立电话号哈希表\n";
} void exit()
{
int i;
for(i=1;i<=4;i++)
cout<cout<<" ◇◆◇◆◇◆◇◆◇◆◇◆◇◆◇◆◇◆◇◆◇◆◇◆◇◇◆◇\n";
cout<<" ◆ ◆\n";
cout<<" ◇ 电 话 号 码 查 询 系 统 ◇\n";
cout<<" ◆ ◆\n";
cout<<" ◇ 谢 谢 您 的 使 用 ! ◇\n";
cout<<" ◆ ◆\n";
cout<<" ◇◆◇◆◇◆◇◆◇◆◇◆◇◆◇◆◇◆◇◆◇◆◇◆◇◆◇◆◇\n";} int main()
{ record a[Maxsize];
pHashTable H=new HashTable;
Getdata(a); //将文件中的数据读入到数组a中
start:
Menu();
int menu1;
cin>>menu1;
switch(menu1)
{ case 0:system("cls");exit();break;
case 1:Add(a);system("pause");system("cls");goto start;break;
case 2:Print(a);system("pause");system("cls");goto start;break;
case 3:Creathash_Name(H,a);system("pause");system("cls");goto start;break;
case 4:Creathash_tel(H,a);system("pause");system("cls");goto start;break;
case 5:Search_Name(H,a);system("pause");system("cls");goto start;break;
case 6:Search_tel(H,a);system("pause");system("cls");goto start;break;
default:cout<<"请输入正确的操作选项!\n";system("cls");goto start;break;
}
return 0;
}

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