如何鉴别红山时期的玉器?
红山时期的玉器特点,尤其是制作工艺方面。
推荐回答(3个)
红山文化玉器使用的材质较多的是辽宁岫岩县细玉沟透闪石类的玉材,材料质地细密,硬度较高,色泽均匀。玉的颜色有苍绿、青绿、青黄、黄色,也有玲珑剔透的碧玉和纯白色玉。 辨别玉材的时代可靠性,是鉴别古玉的重要一环。玉质的基本颜色也发生变化,一方面是色素离子对玉器所处环境条件产生不同反应;另一方面内在因素在外部条件下促成变化,基本颜色的变化也是年代的特征。
造型
造型有时代性。红山文化玉器的造型深厚、凝重,既概括洗炼,重点部位突出,又有不同于一般特征的神韵。如红山玉器的动物造型,既生动,又拙朴、豪放。现实仿制的红山动物玉器,只能做到形似,总体上拘谨、呆板、无生气,难以捕捉到原器物固有的神韵,很难模仿到那个时代的特征。
纹饰
纹饰是一个时代思想观念、审美意识和信仰的产物。如能掌握各个时代的纹饰特点,便能比较准确地认定其年代。红山玉器表面多光素无纹,除玉龙额部或颚底有斜方形网纹和表现兽头眼部、牙齿的细阴线纹外,一个常见特点是压地线浮雕、凸弦纹、浅浮雕或称打洼,即在平面玉佩或圆雕玉器上磨出平整匀称的凹槽形纹饰,也称瓦沟纹。有些压地浅浮雕若隐若现,眼视不甚清晰,手摸感觉明显,凸弦纹在多数红山玉器都会见到。 器物雕琢工艺,是工艺技巧及艺术表现力等等因素的总和,最能反映时代特征。 红山玉器的工艺,主要是各部位的过渡自然,表面光泽细腻,少有磨痕,除个别小型佩件大多无玻璃光。不论动物或器物,一般都有穿孔,多系对钻而成,也有从一面钻进的马蹄形孔,孔壁呈粗螺旋状,有的孔中部交接处出现错位棱台,也有的是对面蹭磨而成光泽无螺旋纹的孔,交接的薄层上钻一小孔。扁平器物在工艺上多两面加工,内外边缘成刃状,具有独特的艺术风格。
呵呵 这个问题问的有点儿大了
很难说的清楚
不过有个12字诀倒是可以介绍给楼主
看【净】观【熟】知【肥】【透】
红山玉器有【土】香
【孔】【坑】【缩】【次】写沧桑
过【度】包【浆】悟【神】光
具体的意思baidu一下吧 太多了 打出来累
主要看色泽,应牢牢记住浓(浓郁)、阳(鲜明)、俏(色美)、正(纯正)、和(柔和)这5大特点。如选中的玉器5点兼具之,即为上品。反之,玉器淡(平淡)、阴(阴暗)、老(色黯)、花(不纯)、斜(不协调),则为劣品。此外,购买玉器不要在强灯光下挑选。因为灯光照射会使玉器失去原来本色,还会掩饰瑕疵,以假乱真。
更多的具体详细和田玉知识可去“御府玉问”了解下
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