翻译 翻译 翻译

每年，我国都有大量的土地被粉煤灰、煤渣、建筑垃圾、矿渣和电石渣这些固体废弃物所吞噬。土地作为国家不可再生资源变得越来越稀缺，工民用建筑、农业和林地也都需要稀缺的土地资源，每年都有大量的耕地、煤炭、电力被粘土厂所吞噬，粘土厂还因其在烧制砖坯的过程中消耗大量的燃料和产生大量的污染物。这对资源是种巨大的浪费。种种自然灾害和社会问题都由此而来，长期以来依靠高耗能高污染的经济发展模式是不得人心，是不符合经济社会可持续发展战略。
Every year, massive area of lands in China are being covered up by solid wastes such as fly ash, coal cinder, construction wastes, slag and carbide slag, resulting in the growing shortage of this nonrenewable resource which is also in dire need by industrial and civil constructions, agriculture and forestry. Each year, clay brick factories use up a lot of farmlands, coal and electricity, and in the brick-fired process, a lot of fuel is used and large quantity of pollutants is generated. This is a tremendous waste of resources, and it has led to various kinds of natural disasters and social problems. This kind of economic development mode with high energy consumption and heavy pollution has been contrary to the will of the people for a long time, and it is not conforming to the strategy of sustainable development of our social economy.

以利用电厂煤灰、煤渣、脱硫石膏材料、石屑为代表的新型墙体材料得到的高速发展，大幅度地提高了小标砖的生产规模与生产能力，这对降低能耗，提高产品品质起到极为重要的作用，是当前我国墙体的发展方向。但目前已投产的生产工艺线普遍存在不少质量问题，比如尺寸不合格、外观问题(裂纹、断砖、毛边、层裂、鱼网状纹裂)、色差、抗折不合格、抗压不合格、干燥收缩值过大﹑密度大。
The rapid development of applying fly ash from power plants, slag, desulfurized gypsum material and stone chips as raw materials for making new type of wall panels has greatly enhanced the production scale and capacity of small standardized bricks. This production method plays a significant role in reducing the energy consumption and upgrading the product quality; it is currently the development trend of wall panels in China. However, there exist many quality problems in the production lines presently in operation, such as off-sizes, surface defects ( cracks, breakage, burrs, spallations, reticular cracks ), chromatic aberration, substandard flexural strength and compressive resistance, too high drying shrinkage and density.

标砖一旦发生这些问题，施工将被打乱，严重影响建筑物的施工进度和工程质量。严重影响大家对新型建材的信心，恢复生产比较困难，甚至在施工中造成砌体坍塌和伤亡。所以要下大力气严格控制蒸养砖的质量，认识其将给社会带来的种种危害，切实通过一些必要的控制手段和一定的工艺处理措施，科学地进行预测和防范，是保障新型建材的质量，发挥产品优势的关键所在。本文主要介绍粉煤灰蒸压标砖的症状、产生原因、处理方法和预防措施。
Once these defects exist on the bricks, they will seriously affect the progress and quality of the building’s construction and throw the project into confusion. Confidence on this type of new material will also be eroded and it will be quite difficult to put back on production , it may even cause the collapse of brickworks and casualties during construction. So, in order to ensure the quality of this new material and exert its advantages, the prerequisites are to strictly control the quality of steam cured bricks, recognize the various social hazards it may bring, scientifically conduct projection and prevention by adopting essential means of control and certain process handling measures. This article mainly introduces the defects of standardized autoclaved bricks made of fly ash and the causes of its defects, as well as proposes its solution and prevention measures.

关键词：粉煤灰标砖，质量，原因，预防，处理措施
Key words: standardized fly ash bricks; quality; causes; prevention; treatment measures.

【英语牛人团】

每年，我国都有大量的土地被粉煤灰、煤渣、建筑垃圾、矿渣和电石渣这些固体废弃物所吞噬。土地作为国家不可再生资源变得越来越稀缺，工民用建筑、农业和林地也都需要稀缺的土地资源，每年都有大量的耕地、煤炭、电力被粘土厂所吞噬，粘土厂还因其在烧制砖坯的过程中消耗大量的燃料和产生大量的污染物。这对资源是种巨大的浪费。种种自然灾害和社会问题都由此而来，长期以来依靠高耗能高污染的经济发展模式是不得人心，是不符合经济社会可持续发展战略。

Every year, our country has a large number of land by fly ash, cinder, construction waste, slag and electric stone slag these solid wastes by phagocytosis. Land as a non-renewable resources become increasingly scarce, industrial and civil construction, agriculture and forestry are also required to scarce land resources, every year a large number of farmland, coal, electric power is consumed by the clay factory, but also because of the clay factory in firing brick process consumes a lot of fuel and produce large amounts of pollutants. This is a huge waste of resources. All kinds of natural disasters and social problems resulting from this, has long relied on high energy consumption and high pollution economic development pattern is not enjoy popular support, is not consistent with the economic and social sustainable development strategy.

以利用电厂煤灰、煤渣、脱硫石膏材料、石屑为代表的新型墙体材料得到的高速发展，大幅度地提高了小标砖的生产规模与生产能力，这对降低能耗，提高产品品质起到极为重要的作用，是当前我国墙体的发展方向。但目前已投产的生产工艺线普遍存在不少质量问题，比如尺寸不合格、外观问题(裂纹、断砖、毛边、层裂、鱼网状纹裂)、色差、抗折不合格、抗压不合格、干燥收缩值过大﹑密度大。标砖一旦发生这些问题，施工将被打乱，严重影响建筑物的施工进度和工程质量。严重影响大家对新型建材的信心，恢复生产比较困难，甚至在施工中造成砌体坍塌和伤亡。所以要下大力气严格控制蒸养砖的质量，认识其将给社会带来的种种危害，切实通过一些必要的控制手段和一定的工艺处理措施，科学地进行预测和防范，是保障新型建材的质量，发挥产品优势的关键所在。本文主要介绍粉煤灰蒸压标砖的症状、产生原因、处理方法和预防措施。

To use power plant ash, cinder, desulfurization gypsum, stone chips as the representative of new wall materials obtained high speed development, greatly improve the small scale brick production scale and production capacity, to reduce energy consumption, improve product quality plays an important role, is the current our country wall development direction. But it has been put into production technology line exists many quality problems, such as the size of unqualified, the appearance of the problem ( crack, broken brick, burr, spallation, fish net-shaped cracking ), chromatic aberration, flexural, compressive unqualified unqualified, drying shrinkage value is too big, big density. Standard brick upon the occurrence of these problems, construction will be disrupted, serious impact on the building construction schedule and project quality. Seriously affects people 's confidence to new building materials, production recovery more difficult, even the construction of masonry collapsed and casualties caused by. So we should make great efforts to strictly control the quality of autoclaved brick, understand its to the society brings harms, and through some necessary control means and process measures, scientific forecast and prevention, is the guarantee of new building materials products quality, play advantage. This paper mainly introduces the autoclaved fly ash brick superscript symptoms, causes, treatment methods and prevention measures.

关键词：粉煤灰标砖，质量，原因，预防，处理措施

Key words: fly ash brick superscript, quality, cause, prevention, treatment measures

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Each year in our country, large amount of lands are being swallowed by solid wastes such as coal ash, coal cinder, construction waste, slag, carbide slag. Lands, as a sort of non-renewable resources that are needed for public and civil construction, agriculture and forestry, is becoming increasingly scarce. Each year large area of lands are being occupied by slay factories which often consume massive feul and produce a lot of pollution as clay is burned to make adobes. For such big waste of resources, natural disasters and social problems have eusued. For a long time, the development mode relying on high consumption and large pollution has been unpopular, and doesn’t comply with the strategy of sustainable development of our society.

New wall material, typically made of coal ash from power plants, slag, desulfurization gypsum, stone chippings, has witnessd rapid development, significantly enhancing the production scale and capacity of small standard bricks. As a trend for our country’s wall material development, it’s playing a very important role in reducing consumption and strenthening quality of products. However, the current production lines being used have many problems, such as inaccuracy of dimensions, appearance flaws ( cracking, broken bricks, burrs, slabbing, fish-mesh cracking), chromatic aberration, unqualified bending-resistance, unqualified pressure-resistance, too high drying shrinkage, high density. When standard bricks have these problems, construction progress and quality would be seriously affected. Confidence on new wall material would also be eroded, and it’s difficult to recover production. Worsely, collapse of brickwork and deaths may happen. Therefore, we must strictly control the quality of autoclaved brick and realize the damage it may bring to our society. Thus we must take necessary controlling measures and technological treatment, and have scientific projection and prevention, which are the key to guarentee quality and advantages of new construcion material. This article mainly introduces the problems of standard autoclaved brick made of coal ash, reasons, solutions and prevention measures.

Key words: Standard bricks made of coal ash, Quality, Reasons, Prevention and treatment measures

Each year, there are a large number of our country land be fly ash, coal cinder, construction waste, slag and calcium carbide slag engulfed by the solid waste. The land as a national nonrenewable resources is becoming more and more scarce, civil construction, agriculture and work also require a scarcity of forest land resource, every year there are a lot of cultivated land, coal, electric power was engulfed by clay factory, clay factory but also because of the fires in the process of tile consume large amounts of fuel and have a lot of pollutants. This is a huge waste of resources. A variety of natural disasters and social problems are from this and come, for a long time will depend on the high pollution model of economic development is unpopular, it is not in line with economic and social sustainable development strategy.
To use power plant, coal cinder, coal ash desulfurization gypsum materials, stone flocks, as a representative of the new wall materials for high-speed development, greatly improved the small scale of production of the standard bricks and production capacity, this to reduce the energy consumption and improve the quality of the product has a significant role, in China's current wall body development direction. But is already the production process of production line has many common quality problems, such as size not qualified, appearance problem (cracks, broken brick, flash, the spallation, fish mesh lines split), color, bending is unqualified, compressive unqualified, drying shrinkage too big, big density. Standard brick once produce these problems, construction will be upset, the serious influence the construction progress of buildings and engineering quality. The serious influence you for the confidence of the new building materials, production resumed is more difficult, even in the construction of masonry and casualties caused the collapse. So the goal to strictly control the quality of steam for a brick, know the dangers of brings to the society, and through some necessary means of control and must process measures, scientifically forecast and guard, is to ensure the quality of the new building materials, and give full play to the advantages of key products. This paper mainly introduces the fly ash autoclaved standard bricks symptoms, causes, processing and preventive measures.
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