推荐回答(3个)
生当陨首死当结草中的结草,出自《左传·宣公十五年》(春秋左丘明所著)记载的历史典故:
晋国大夫魏武子临死的时候,嘱咐他的儿子魏颗,把他的遗妾杀死以后殉葬。魏颗没有照他父亲说的话做。后来魏颗跟秦国的杜回作战,看见一个老人把草打了结把杜回绊倒,杜回因此被擒。到了晚上,魏颗梦见结草的老人,他自称是没有被杀死的魏武子遗妾的父亲。后来就把“结草”用来作为报答恩人心愿的表示。
生当陨首死当结草这句话出自《陈情表》,是三国两晋时期文学家李密写给晋武帝的奏章。
全文(节选)如下:
臣密今年四十有四,祖母今年九十有六,是臣尽节于陛下之日长,报养刘之日短也。乌鸟私情,愿乞终养。臣之辛苦,非独蜀之人士及二州牧伯所见明知,皇天后土,实所共鉴。愿陛下矜悯愚诚,听臣微志,庶刘侥幸,保卒余年。臣生当陨首,死当结草。臣不胜犬马怖惧之情,谨拜表以闻。(祖母 一作:祖母刘)
译文如下:
我现在的年龄四十四岁了,祖母现在的年龄九十六岁了,这样看来我在陛下面前尽忠尽节的日子还很长,而在祖母刘氏面前尽孝尽心的日子很短。我怀着乌鸦反哺的私情,乞求能够准许我完成对祖母养老送终的心愿。
我的辛酸苦楚,并不仅仅是蜀地的百姓及益州、梁州的长官所能明白知晓的,天地神明,实在也都能明察。希望陛下能怜悯我的诚心,满足我微不足道的心愿,使祖母刘氏能够侥幸地保全她的余生。
我活着应当杀身报效朝廷,死了也要结草衔环来报答陛下的恩情。我怀着像犬马一样不胜恐惧的心情,恭敬地呈上此表来使陛下知道这件事。
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扩展资料:
结草与衔环都是古代报恩的传说。前者讲一个士大夫将其父的爱妾另行嫁人,不使殉葬,爱妾已死去的父亲为替女儿报恩,将地上野草缠成乱结,绊倒恩人的敌手而取胜;后者讲有个儿童挽救了一只受困黄雀的性命,黄雀衔来白环四枚,声言此环可保恩人世代子子洁白,身居高位。
后将二典故合成一句,比喻受人恩惠,定当厚报,生死不渝。也说“衔环结草”。
后以“结草衔环”为感恩图报之典。 元 李行道 《灰阑记》第一折:“多谢大娘子,小人结草衔环,此恩必当重报。”
姚雪垠 《李自成》第二卷第十六章:“舅老爷及抚台衙门各位老爷关照救护之恩,不惟敝友将结草衔环以报,即愚弟亦感激不尽。”亦作“ 结草衔环 ”。
参考资料来源:百度百科——陈情表
参考资料来源:百度百科——结草衔环
参考资料来源:百度百科——左传·宣公十五年
语出李密《陈情表》“臣生当陨首,死当结草”。
“结草”是报恩的意思,“结草”的典故出自《左传·宣公十五年》。晋国父亲魏武子年岁已大,但有一位非常年轻迷人的老婆。魏武子清醒的时侯的嘱咐儿子魏颗:当我死了,让你小娘改嫁吧!可是,后来魏武子得重病迷糊不清的的时候又对魏颗说:我死了,让你小娘陪葬!父亲死后,魏颗把父亲的宠妾嫁了人,没有殉葬。宠妾的亡父为报答魏颗,在魏颗与秦国打仗时,用草结成环(即结草)把秦将杜回(一个巨人)绊倒,使秦军大败。后遂用“结草”表示报恩。
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