西晋是中国历史上九个统一朝代之一,为什么东晋却沦为地方政权?东晋不是打赢了淝水之战吗,怎么还是亡了

2024-11-14 04:32:12
推荐回答(5个)
回答(1):

1、西晋是正儿八经统一了全国的。东晋的北部疆界基本上就在江淮一线晃荡,当然是地方政权。

2、淝水之役不过是阻止了北方游牧政权南侵的步伐而已,并不能改变整个南弱北强的态势。当时的东晋因为北方人口大量转移到南方,北方士族与江东旧士族的矛盾很深,内部乱得很(先后经历王敦之乱、苏峻之乱、桓玄之乱,孙恩、卢循之乱等等,历史书上写得太简单),与北方政权实力相差悬殊,要不是正值符坚败亡北方分裂成西秦、后秦、后燕、西燕诸国,东晋和南朝哪还能撑几百年。

3、东晋的亡是亡在自己的权臣之手,东晋王室一直衰微,被权臣篡位是早晚的事。

回答(2):

西晋是统一了,但统一的时间,还不够刚统一不久就来个“八王之乱”的时间长

由三国时间,焦点都放在中原,使得北方民族有机可乘进行南下,在地理上有一定的优势
而刚统一十来年的西晋,由于八王之乱,使国力不升反降,异族入侵后根本无反击之力
最后只得是建立东晋以保政权不亡

东晋是被迫进行的一场战争,打赢了淝水之战,但是说到要统一全国,是很难的
北方民族的战斗力强,而且打赢了淝水之战后,要打华北平原广大地区,这对于缺少骑兵的东晋来说,不是一件容易的事情
那时候东晋也乘势收回了北方一些领土,能打这种战争的统帅没了,没有能用上人才,结果就停滞了

说到底,还是东晋的统治集团,没有重视统一全国

回答(3):

  1. 西晋灭掉南方的吴,统一了中国。但短暂统一之后,匈奴等少数民族“五胡乱华”,都城洛阳被占,皇帝被俘,西晋灭亡。

  2. 西晋灭亡后,中国北方进入纷乱的十六国时期(北朝)。南方拥立皇族司马睿为晋元帝,偏安于南方(南朝)。南北朝是南北对峙的时期。

  3. 但东晋地域虽小,却不是地方政权,因为当时没有中央政权。

  4. 淝水之战,采取守势的东晋打败了统一北方的前秦,但却没反攻前秦,只是造成北方重新分裂。

  5. 东晋依然是偏安江南,所以当刘裕掌握其军政大权后就灭了东晋,自己当皇帝,建立宋朝(历史上为区别后来赵匡胤建立的宋朝,称其为刘宋或南朝宋)

回答(4):

西晋被八王之乱榨干了国力,然后爆发了五胡乱华,匈奴刘渊刘聪,羯人石勒,成汉几个少民割据政权纷纷自立,司马睿南渡建立东晋时就是跟士族妥协,靠利益笼络他们才得以延续国家,所以东晋的集权力度很弱。南方人口少,兵源更少,士族又不全愿意北伐,自然无力与北方野蛮政权争夺天下。
至于东晋灭亡那是淝水之战之后很久的事了,淝水之战时虽然东晋司马家权力也很小,但好歹大士族有个谢家是努力维持士族平衡,和司马皇族统治的,即使桓温废了两次皇帝也始终没有机会自立,而之后谢家中衰,司马家出了个司马道子父子自己弄权,惹来士族愤怒,又出了个真正的白痴皇帝司马德宗,又爆发孙恩之乱,国力再次被榨干,引来刘裕为代表的庶族北府兵集团得势,刘裕天纵之才,收复荆州益州,两次北伐灭南燕后秦,打得北魏不敢南下,靠着巨大的威势压服一切支持司马家的势力,才最后称帝

回答(5):

东汉末年,北方少数民族就开始向中原内迁,西晋统一中国后不久便发生“八王之乱”,一些少数民族乘中原内乱纷纷起兵建立起了一系列少数民族政权,也就是著名的“五胡乱华”。西晋灭亡后东晋偏安江南一隅,也算保留了汉人的血统。前秦皇帝苻坚率领大军“投鞭断水”意欲灭亡东晋统一全国,却被谢晋大败于淝水,从而彻底奠定了南北分治的局面。东晋好像命也不长,100年多一点。最后堡垒被内部攻破,宋公刘裕废除晋安帝,建立刘宋,进入南北朝时期。东晋与之前的孙吴以及其后的宋、齐、梁、陈,合称为六朝。

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