since的问题

2025-03-05 03:15:58
推荐回答(4个)
回答(1):

补充问题:It's two years since I smoked. 为什么不选B?
为什么译作“自从我戒烟以来,已经有两年了?”,since后不是肯定句吗?
为什么不选D?
答:这是很老套的英语语法点。现在避免这么出这样的题了。
请看:
It is three years since I smoked a cigar.为什么翻译成我不吸烟有三年了
问题补充:
It is+一段时间+since从句句型中,其句意取决于从句的谓语动词是否可延续?
这句话是什么意思?能否举个例子
The best answer: 其实可以说是 三年前我是吸烟的(现在离我吸烟的日子已经有三年了)
所以换句话说就是 我不吸烟已经有三年了
it is + time +since 句式的翻译:如果since从句中的谓语动词是短暂性动词, 我们可以直译,而如果since从句中的谓语动词是延续性动词,我们则需译为其相应的短暂性动词。
eg. (1). It's ten years since I left my hometown.. 译为:我离开家乡已十年了。而
(2). It's almost ten years since I lived there. 则译为 :我不在那儿住已近十年了。

我们知道,since 一个时间点,表示自从这个时点点以来到现在为止,主句用现在完成时,主句动作用延续性动词。这个时间点是相对的。如:since six o'clock, since last week/ month/ year, since 1997. 这些介词since 后面的时间点,有钟点,有周,有月甚至是年!但相对于主句的延续而言,只是一个点。如:It is ( has been) 14 years since 1997.
从为连词,since 后面可以跟一个从句:since sth. happened,这个happened一般都是短暂性动词,用来表示一个时间点:It is(=has been) 14 years since Hongkong returned to China.
1997年尽管有365天,但是,在时间轴上,我们将它画成一个点!

1997 Now
--+-------------------------------------------------------------> time
|<--------------------- 14 years--------------------------->|

《Longman》词典上since后跟“延续性”动词又反过来译的例句有一句:
It's been years since I enjoyed myself so much as last night. 我已经有很多年没有像昨晚那样痛快了。
跟延续性状态动词,却将其看成一个时间点的例句有一例:
We have known each other well since we were children.
自从我们是孩子的时候,我们就已经互相很了解了。
说这话的人,年纪一定不能太小,没有七八十也有五六十岁。14、5岁的少年是不宜说这种话的。
说某人抽烟有两年了:
it is/ has been 2 years since sb. began to smoke.

而要表达某人戒烟有多久了,完全可以这么说:
It is/ has been 2 years since sb. stopped smoking.
根本不必说:It has been 2 years since sb. smoked.
这纯粹是人工造句,人工考句。

It is three years since I smoked a cigar.
这句话,其实smoked是一次性的短暂性的动作(延续十几分钟了不得了),所以这句话如果有的话,只表示:我有三年没有抽过雪茄烟了。原意为“自从我上次抽了一支雪茄烟以来,到现在已经有三年了。”谁知道他这三年中有没有抽过cigarettes啊!

(2). It's almost ten years since I lived there. 则译为 :我不在那儿住已近十年了。
这句话倒也还可以。如果有这么一个前题:I lived there in 2001. 就是我2001年在那儿住过,现在说起来,就是"自从2001年(我在那生活过一年)以来,到现在差不多有10年了。
如果你在北京住过20年,然后来宁波发展,才5年,这么说:
It is 5 years since I lived in Bejing.就很不妥。不如直说:since I left Beijing.
有些题句,纯粹是有些人推导出的,经不起推敲的。总结出来的语法规则,也不是完全准确。如:如果since从句中的谓语动词是延续性动词,我们则需译为其相应的短暂性动词(或逆译,反译,否定译)。碰到:We have known each other well since we were children.
怎么反译/否定译/逆译?自从我们不是小孩以来?

结论:时间的长短是相对的。动作的延续和短暂性也是相对的。不要死记。since后面跟的就是一个时间点,跟从句,谓语动词不管是否“延续”,相对主句的表达的时间而言,就是一个点。翻译可以在理解的基础上灵活处理,但不要随意造句。不要为显示自己而让别人翻译类似:it is 2 years since he smoked/ he lived there. 这样的句子。因为这种句子本身是不地道的,容易让人误解的{第一次见到这样的句子的TX,十有八九会译作:他抽烟(住在那儿)已经有2年了。 }
语言是用来交流的,不是用来猜谜的。如要表达:他戒烟(离开那儿,不住那儿)有2年了,直说:It is/ has been 2 years since he stopped smoking/ left there.

回答(2):

如果选“it's two years since i have smoked", 也就是完成时,是指状态持续到现在,也就是你吸烟两年了,从两年前持续到现在。但是,前面否定回答,并告诉说我过去吸。这里用过去式,也就是我不吸烟两年了(我两年前吸烟)。

回答(3):

since 是自从……的意思。since后面要加过去时因为是从过去某个时间点开始吸引的。
完成时有还要继续进行的意思。这里不能用。

回答(4):

这里表示开始吸烟,加的是时间点

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