简爱作者英文版简介

简爱的作者是夏洛蒂·勃朗特。

1、英文

Charlotte Bronte (1816-1855), an English novelist, was born in a poor priest's family. She studied in boarding school and became a successor teacher and family teacher.

In 1847, Charlotte Bronte published the famous novel Jane Eyre, which stirred the literary world.

From the autumn of 1848 to 1849, her brother and two sisters died one after another. 

Under the shadow and perplexity of death, she persisted in completing Shelley, expressing her sorrow for her sister Emily, and describing the early spontaneous worker movement in England.

He died of illness on 31 March 1855 at the age of 39.

His representative works include Jane Eyre, Shelly and Willett.

2、中文

夏洛蒂·勃朗特（1816-1855年），英国小说家，生于贫苦的牧师家庭，曾在寄宿学校学习，后任教师和家庭教师。

1847年，夏洛蒂·勃朗特出版著名的长篇小说《简·爱》，轰动文坛。

1848年秋到1849年她的弟弟和两个妹妹相继去世。在死亡的阴影和困惑下，她坚持完成了《谢利》一书，寄托了她对妹妹艾米莉的哀思，并描写了英国早期自发的工人运动。

1855年3月31日病逝，年仅39岁。

代表作品有《简·爱》、《谢利》、《维莱特》等。

扩展资料：

夏洛蒂写作的宗旨不是为艺术而艺术，不为自娱或取悦于少数有闲者。她坚持作家的社会职责，坚持文学的社会功能。她强烈反对不道德的文学艺术，在这种宗旨下夏洛蒂恪守现实主义的创作方法。

夏洛蒂·勃朗特善于利用当时现实生活中所提供的题材与人物，正确表现了那个时代的大事件，作品富有时代的新气息，新色彩，既发议论又抒了情，写活了人；

有些章节时而沉郁悲凉，时而激昂慷慨，说明这些都是作者的真情流露，都是她所强烈感受过、感动过的，也是她深刻观察到了的真情。

夏洛蒂擅长描写景物，擅长刻画人物肖像和心理活动。写景写人总是互相结合，互相衬托，情景交融，相映成趣。 

对于艺术创造，夏洛蒂有自己的独到见解，她认为文学需要内在的激情和创造性，艺术不是机械的技巧模仿。她崇尚内心燃烧着精神火焰的人，并将其引为同类。

夏洛蒂的小说作品表现的是孤独、卑微的个人在现实中的痛苦和挣扎，但是她的内心始终洋溢着入世的、酷爱生活的人文精神。

参考资料来源：百度百科——夏洛蒂·勃朗特

Charlotte Brontë (April 21, 1816 – March 31, 1855) was an English novelist, the eldest of the three Brontë sisters whose novels have become enduring classics of English literature. Life and worksCharlotte Brontë was born at Thornton, in Yorkshire, England, the third of six children, to Patrick Brontë (formerly "Patrick Brunty"), an Irish Anglican clergyman, and his wife, Maria Branwell. In April 1820 the family moved to Haworth, where Patrick had been appointed Perpetual Curate. Maria Branwell Brontë died of cancer on 15 September 1821, leaving five daughters and a son to the care of her sister Elizabeth Branwell. In August 1824, Charlotte was sent with three of her sisters to the Clergy Daughters' School at Cowan Bridge in Lancashire (which she would describe as Lowood School in Jane Eyre). Its poor conditions, Charlotte maintained, permanently affected her health and physical development, and hastened the deaths of her two elder sisters, Maria (born 1814) and Elizabeth (born 1815), who died of tuberculosis in 1825 soon after they were removed from the school.

At home in Haworth Parsonage, Charlotte and the other surviving children — Branwell, Emily, and Anne — were influenced by their father's library of Walter Scott, Byron, Tales of the Genii and The Arabian Nights. They began chronicling the lives and struggles of the inhabitants of their imaginary kingdoms. Charlotte and Branwell wrote stories about their country — Angria — and Emily and Anne wrote articles and poems about theirs — Gondal. The sagas were elaborate and convoluted (and still exist in part manuscripts) and provided them with an obsessive interest in childhood and early adolescence, which prepared them for their literary vocations in adulthood.

Charlotte continued her education at Roe Head school in Mirfield from 1831 to 1832, where she met her lifelong friends and correspondents, Ellen Nussey and Mary Taylor. Charlotte returned as a teacher from 1835 to 1838. In 1839 she took up the first of many positions as governess to various families in Yorkshire, a career she pursued until 1841. In 1842 she and Emily travelled to Brussels to enroll in a pensionnat run by Constantin Heger (1809–1896) and his wife Claire Zoë Parent Heger (1804–1890). In return for board and tuition, Charlotte taught English and Emily taught music. Their time at the pensionnat was cut short when Elizabeth Branwell, their aunt who joined the family after the death of their mother to look after the children, died of internal obstruction in October 1842. Charlotte returned alone to Brussels in January 1843 to take up a teaching post at the pensionnat. Her second stay at the pensionnat was not a happy one; she became lonely, homesick, and deeply attached to Constantin Heger. She finally returned to Haworth in January 1844 and later used her time at the pensionnat as the inspiration for some of The Professor and Villette.

In May 1846, Charlotte, Emily, and Anne published a joint collection of poetry under the assumed names of Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell. Although the book failed to attract interest (only two copies were sold) the sisters decided to continue writing for publication and began work on their first novels. Charlotte continued to use the name 'Currer Bell' when she published her first two novels.
Cover page of the first edition of Jane EyreHer novels are:
Jane Eyre, published 1847
Shirley, published 1849
Villette, published 1853
The Professor, written before Jane Eyre and rejected by many publishing houses, was published posthumously in 1857
Her novels were deemed coarse by the critics. Much speculation took place as to who Currer Bell really was, and whether Bell was a man or a woman.

Charlotte's brother, Branwell, the only son of the family, died of chronic bronchitis and marasmus exacerbated by heavy drinking, in September 1848, although Charlotte believed his death was due to tuberculosis. Emily and Anne both died of pulmonary tuberculosis in December 1848 and May 1849, respectively.

Portrait of Charlotte Brontë, 1873

Charlotte and her father were now left alone. In view of the enormous success of Jane Eyre, she was persuaded by her publisher to visit London occasionally, where she revealed her true identity and began to move in a more exalted social circle, becoming friends with Harriet Martineau, Elizabeth Gaskell, William Makepeace Thackeray and G. H. Lewes. However, she never left Haworth for more than a few weeks at a time as she did not want to leave her aging father's side.

In June 1854, Charlotte married Arthur Bell Nicholls, her father's curate. She died nine months later during her first pregnancy. Her death certificate gives the cause of death as phthisis (tuberculosis), but there is a school of thought that suggests she may have died from her excessive vomiting caused by severe morning sickness in the early stages of pregnancy. There is also evidence to suggest that Charlotte died from typhus she may have caught from Tabitha Ackroyd, the Bronte household's oldest servant, who died shortly before her. Charlotte was interred in the family vault in The Church of St. Michael and All Angels, Haworth, West Yorkshire, England.

The posthumous biography by Elizabeth Gaskell, for a long time a standard source on her life, has been much criticised by feminists such as Elaine Showalter, for suppressing details of Charlotte's life and her apparently passionate nature.