散光轴位的散光轴位的确定方法是什么

2025-04-06 12:00:13
推荐回答(1个)
回答(1):

如果患眼为复性近视散光,则两条互相垂直的主经线均为逆动光带,但亮度、光带宽度和移动速度均有差别,度数大的光带较窄、暗、慢,应先用凹镜片中和。而另一条主经线上的逆动光带因中和过度而由逆动光带变成了顺动光带。假定为混合散光时。均应采用凸球镜中和一条主经线上的顺动光带.再用凹球镜片中和另一条主经线上的逆动光带。
无论是何种散光类型,均可采用顺动光带精确地测定轴位。以下介绍三种方法。
常规法一般适用于+0.75~+1.00D散光眼。设一患者为复性远视散光,水平光带假定已被中和,垂直光带仍为顺动光带;为了精确测定散光轴位,将套管推到最高位,将光带置于90°经线上,食指微微旋动灯座管,由检影镜孔观察瞳孔内的顺动光带,若发现此时光带最窄最亮,且与皮肤上光带平行;再将光带分别置于85°和95°上,立刻发现瞳孔内的光带变的与皮肤上光带不平行,宽度变大,边界变得模糊,确知轴90°是正确的。
增效法(Enhancement) 此法适用于散光在十1.00 DC以上患者。假定被检眼的水平光带已被中和,垂直光带为顺动,此光带如果暗,慢、边界模糊,说明是高度散光。操作时用大拇指将套管慢慢下移,使瞳孔内垂直光带逐渐变亮、变窄,直到变得最亮和最窄为止。这时用大拇指固定套管使其不能上下移动,用食指轻轻地旋转灯座管,使光带偏向85°和95°,如在85°和95°方位时光带均不如90~窄、亮,则可确定散光轴位为90°是正确的。
前倾后退法(Approacdhing and recdeing) 此法适用于散光度为0.75 Dc以下的散光患者。假定被检眼水平光带已被中和,垂直光带为顺动.其特征是光带宽、亮、快,但边界不够清楚,不利于散光轴位的确定。将套管下移,也不能使光带变窄,这时检查者可将身体前倾,缩短检查者与被检查眼之间距离,可使光带变窄,且能使散光轴位边界较明显。然后再用食指慢慢旋转灯座管,使光带偏向85°和95°,进行散光轴位的确定。

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