推荐回答(1个)
明朝末年天宅人祸不断,尽管崇祯皇帝奋力抢救岌岌可危的大明王朝,但依旧无力回天,对外有清兵虎视眈眈,对内有农民起义不断,在所有的农民起义军中,当属李自成和张献忠最为著名,因为两人是齐名的,但两人在后世的名声却截然不同。

张献忠被称作“杀人狂”、“杀人魔王”等,而李自成以“迎闯王,不纳粮”为口号,受到后人的好评,尽管两人最终都失败了,但李自成的名声显然比张献忠好得多,事实果真如此吗?仔细对比一下两人的情况便可知。
张献忠和李自成两人对比,竟然发现两人诸多相同之处,比如两人都出生于公元1606年9月,张献忠出生于18号,李自成出生于22号,两人只相差四天!两人都是出身于贫苦家庭,从小饱受战乱之苦,张献忠在崇祯三年开始起事,自号“八大王”;李自成则在崇祯二年投军,后俩慢慢号称闯王。

张献忠最被后人病诟的就是他杀人太多,无论是对明朝官兵,还是对平民百姓,他都采取屠杀政策,至于他到底杀了多少人,似乎无法统计,但想来也不会太少,尤其是四川地区,当时人口大减,至今还流传着“八大王剿四川”的传说,而四川正是张献忠盘踞最久的地方。
跟张献忠反差明显的是闯王李自成,他一路上对百姓秋毫无法,可算得上是一支仁义之师,然后历史真相是如此吗?根据史料记载李自成所率领的军队,在一路打杀过程中,一共进行了十三次大规模屠城,尤其是崇祯十五年,李自成为了贡献开封,挖开黄河之水灌下来,造成无数人死亡,而张献忠只有五次屠城的记载。

李自成起义过程中,还杀掉了许多朱姓皇族的藩王,这种制度从朱元璋开始,把皇室子孙分封到各地为亲王,他们时代在当地繁衍,自然积累了许许多多财富,也就成为李自成的头号目标,李自成一共屠杀了十二个藩王,有洛阳的福王、太原的晋王、南阳的唐王等等,而张献忠只杀了五个藩王,即汉中瑞王、襄阳的襄王、武昌楚王、长沙的荆王、成都蜀王。
张献忠和李自成一样,对待藩王的态度都是赶尽杀绝,处于斩草除根的类型,然后对他们的财物洗劫一空,不过从屠杀的数来而言,显然李自成远远超过张献忠。再对比两人所杀的明朝将领,张献忠所杀的将领中,只有四川神弩将张令、左良玉部下罗岱等几人勉强排的上,而李自成杀的就多了。

陕西总督傅宗龙、兵部尚书孙传庭、三边总督汪乔年、明末第一良将曹文诏、宁武关虎将周遇等等,都是明朝末期有名的将领,这些都被李自成杀害,所以无论从屠城的规模数量,还是从掠夺藩王的数量,李自成的凶残程度远超张献忠,李自成才是真正的明朝屠夫。
为何后人对张献忠评价那么差,而对李自成评价那么好呢?这是个值得深思的问题。
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