加德纳的多元智能理论对教育评价有何启示

2025-03-24 06:30:49
推荐回答(2个)
回答(1):

既然是多元的,那么启示应该是:教育评价也应该是多元的。既有过程性评价,又有终结性评价;既有学科知识评价,又有其他技能评价;评价主体既有老师,又有家长、同学、社区等,评价要因人而异,看到发展性,不要轻易给学生贴标签。

回答(2):

多元智能理论对于中国教育改革的意义
  (1)多元智能理论有助于形成正确的智力观。
  真正有效的教育必须认识到智力的广泛性和多样性,并使培养和发展学生的各方面的能力占有同等重要的地位。
  (2)多元智能理论有助于转变我们的教学观
  我国传统的教学基本上以“教师讲,学生听”为主要形式,辅之以枯燥乏味的“题海战术”,而忽视了不同学科或能力之间在认知活动和方式上的差异。多元智能理论认为,每个人都不同程度地拥有相对独立的八种智力,而且每种智力有其独特的认知发展过程和符号系统。因此,教学方法和手段就应该根据教学对象和教学内容而灵活多样,因材施教。
  (3)多元智能理论有助于形成正确的评价观
  多元智能理论对传统的标准化智力测验和学生成绩考查提出了严厉的批评。传统的智力测验过分强调语言和数理逻辑方面的能力,只采用纸笔测试的方式,过分强调死记硬背知识,缺乏对学生理解能力、动手能力、应用能力和创造能力的客观考核。因此,是片面的、有局限的。多元智能理论认为,人的智力不是单一的能力,而是有多种能力构成,因此,学校的评价指标、评价方式也应多元化,并使学校教育从纸笔测试中解放出来,注重对不同人的不同智能的培养。
  (4)多元智能理论有助于转变我们的学生观
  根据多元智能理论,每个人都有其独特的治理结构和学习方法,所以,对每个学生都采取同样的教材和教法不合理的。多元智能理论为教师们提供了一个积极乐观的学生观,即每个学生都有闪光点和可取之处,教师应从多方面去了解学生的特长,并相应地采取适合其特点的有效方法,使其特长得到充分的发挥。
  (5)多元智能理论有助于形成正确的发展观
  按照加德纳的观点,学校教育的宗旨应该是开发多种智能并帮助学生发现适合其智能特点的职业和业余爱好,应该让学生在接受学校教育的同时,发现自己至少有一个方面的长处,学生就会热切地追求自身内在的兴趣。

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