我国北方许多盐湖里溶有氯化钠和碳酸钠,在这里有“夏天捞盐冬天捞碱”的说法,请解释一下这种现象

2025-03-23 12:05:06
推荐回答(5个)
回答(1):

在冬天,由于碳酸钠的溶解度受温度变化影响大,所以降温后湖水就成了碳酸钠的饱和溶液,其饱和溶液再降温就有碳酸钠晶体析出了.而食盐的溶解度受温度变化影响很小,所以一般的温度变化不会使湖水变成食盐的饱和溶液,也就不会有食盐晶体析出了.
在夏天,由于温度高,碳酸钠的溶解度很大,这样湖水是碳酸钠的不饱和溶液,而且远远未达饱和,所以虽然有湖水的蒸发,也得不到碳酸钠的饱和溶液,也就不可能有碳酸钠晶体析出了.但对食盐就不同了,夏天的高温使食盐的溶解度增加不多,可以说几乎与冬天差不多,由于水的蒸发,使岸边的湖水能达到饱和并再蒸发水而结晶(岸边的湖水与湖中的水交换不畅,所以容易因为蒸发而达到食盐的饱和溶液).

回答(2):

夏天温度高,蒸发水捞盐
冬天温度低,纯碱的溶解度随温度降低而降低

回答(3):

盐(氯化钠)的溶解度受温度的影响变化小,碱(炭酸钠)受温度的影响溶解度变化大,随着温度的升高,炭酸钠的溶解度急剧升,而盐的溶解度变化不大。冬天炭酸钠会析出。

回答(4):

氯化钠的溶解度随温度变化较小,可采用蒸发结晶的方法,因为夏天温度高,所以捞盐
碳酸钠的溶解度随温度变化较大,可采用降温结晶的方法,因为冬天温度低,所以捞碱

回答(5):

盐(NaCl)溶解度受温度变化影响较小,要提取,只能把水蒸干结晶。而碱(实际上是Na2SO4/CaSO4),溶解度随温度下降显著降低,冬天很易达到饱和,所以用“捞”的方法即可。

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