道教始祖李耳为什么被尊称为“老子”而不是“李子?

2025-04-01 10:21:41
推荐回答(2个)
回答(1):

说起“老子”大家都很熟悉,他是道家学派的创始人,也是道教的始祖,原名李耳,是春秋时期的人,被大家尊称为老子。当时人们对于非常有学问的人都称呼为某某子,如儒家的始祖孔丘被称为孔子,墨家的墨翟被尊为墨子,兵家的孙武被称为孙子,但李耳姓李为什么被称呼为“老子”而不是“李子”呢?

首先李耳是道家学派的创始人,在修身方面,老子讲究虚心实腹、不与人争的修持;在政治上,老子主张无为而治、不言之教;在权术上,老子讲究物极必反之理,与后来的庄子合称“老庄”。老子曾著有五千言的《道德经》一书,该书包罗万象,以道来解释宇宙万物的变化,对中国哲学的发展影响极大,汉初曾采用老子的“无为之治”来休养生息,恢复民生,效果极佳。“子”本来是周朝的一级爵位,也用来表示对天子所属公卿的尊称,到春秋时期,礼崩乐坏,“子”的用途扩大,多被人们用来对有学问男子的尊称,如韩非子,孟子等。李耳学究天人,声名远播,就连孔子也曾向他问道,按照当时的称呼也被尊称为“子”,春秋时期列国通用的官话是“洛阳雅言”在当时的发音中“李”和“老”相近,加之当时信息传递困难,多靠口口相传,所以“李子”传着传着就变成了“老子”。

其次,另外一种说法是李耳生下来就白胡子白眉,这在当时是异象,而因为他这个长相特征,所以老子成了他的外号,渐渐的比真名李耳更要顺口,这种说法显然可信度不高。在唐朝建立后尊称李耳为“圣祖”,以李耳为李姓始祖,唐朝以道家为先,儒家为次,佛教为末;这就有了后来“老子天下第一”的说话,而孔子只能屈居第二,故被反对者戏称为“孔老二”。

其实李耳因为哪种原因被称为“老子”都不重要,我们后人更应该了解的是老子对华夏文明发展的贡献。他留下的智慧和煌煌五千言的道德经文,才是我们最宝贵的财富,当前社会人心极其浮躁与功利,多读读老子留下的道德经,领会先贤的智慧,对我们修身养性以及与人相处都有很大的帮助。在世界文化名著中,译成外国文字出版发行量最大的是《圣经》,其次就是《道德经》,可见道德经即使过了两千年对于人类文明仍有极大价值,就李耳取得的成就来说,被尊为“老子”实至名归。

回答(2):

孟子姓孟,被尊称为“孟子”,庄子姓庄,被尊称为“庄子”,写出《道德经》的老子姓李,为什么没人叫他“李子”,却要叫他“老子”呢?

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