爱新觉罗·多尔衮的人物评价

2025-03-29 05:05:07
推荐回答(1个)
回答(1):

《清史稿》:睿亲王多尔衮摄政有年威福自专,殁后其属人首告定罪除封。念定鼎之初王实统众入关,肃清京辇檄定中原,前功劳未可尽泯。今其茔域榛芜,后嗣废绝殊堪悯恻。交内务府派人员修葺,并令近支王公按时祭扫。
《清世祖实录》:凡一切政事及批票本章,不奉上命,概称诏旨。擅作威福,任意黜陟。凡伊喜悦之人,不应官者滥升,不合伊者滥降,以至僭妄悖理之处,不可枚举。不令诸王、贝勒、贝子、公等入朝办事,竟以朝廷自居,令其日候府前。
皇太极:朕爱尔过于诸子弟,赉尔独厚。
济尔哈朗:昔太宗文皇帝龙驭上宾,诸王大臣共矢忠诚,翊戴皇上。方在冲年,令臣济尔哈朗与睿亲王多尔衮同辅政。逮后多尔衮独擅威权,不令济尔哈朗预政,遂以母弟多铎为辅政叔王。背誓肆行,妄自尊大,自称皇父摄政王。凡批票本章,一以皇父摄政王行之。仪仗、音乐、侍从、府第,僣拟至尊。擅称太宗文皇帝序不当立,以挟制皇上。构陷威逼,使肃亲王不得其死,遂纳其妃,且收其财产。更悖理入生母於太庙。僣妄不可枚举。臣等从前畏威吞声,今冒死奏闻,伏原重加处治。
豪格诅咒多尔衮是“有病无福”之人,多尔衮身材细瘦,素患风疾,常常头昏目眩,壮年猝死,大抵跟纵欲有关。随着权力的迅速膨胀,多尔衮的生活穷侈极欲,“于八旗选美女入伊府,并于新服喀尔喀部索取有夫之妇”,还逼娶朝鲜公主,又嫌其不美,让朝鲜再选美女,搞得朝鲜朝野大怨。
顺治帝:①各处征伐,皆叔父倡谋出奇。攻城必克,野战必胜。叔父幼而正直,义无隐情,体国忠贞,助成大业。②又辅朕登极,佐理朕躬,历思功德,高于周公。
卫匡国:①他具有超人的谋略和精明,并以勇武和忠实著称。他的聪明才智使最有学识的中国人都钦佩不已,他的公正仁慈赢得平民百姓的爱戴。②阿玛王使鞑靼获得了中国,由於他的贤明公正仁慈和军事才能,鞑靼人和中国人都对他很敬畏。这个当权者的死给朝廷带来很大的麻烦。”
竹内藤右卫门:九王子是皇帝的叔父,是一位年在三十四五岁,身材瘦长,留有美髯,是个皮肤微黑,面貌英俊,目光锐利的人。他是皇帝下面第一个有地位的人,其他各王和所有的臣下,都尊重他,上上下下都怕他。
乾隆帝:①睿亲王多尔衮,摄政有年威福自专,扫荡贼氛肃清宫禁。分遣诸王追歼流寇,抚定疆陲,创制规模。奉世祖入都成一统之业,功劳最著。王之立心行事实为笃忠,感厚恩明君臣之大义。②睿亲王多尔衮扫荡贼氛肃清宫禁。分遣诸王追歼流寇,抚定边疆。创制规模皆所经画。奉世祖车驾入都,成一统之大业,厥功最著。 ”
徐珂:睿亲王多尔衮以元勋懿戚,横被流言,乾隆朝,始特旨昭雪,复爵予谥。
蔡东藩:若清则国势方盛,太宗晏驾,以六龄之幼主,安然即位,多尔衮等忠心辅幼,竟尔匕鬯无惊。至于明社已屋,又由多尔衮出师,唾手中原。
萧一山:在入关初,总成其事,揽权行政者,则睿王多尔衮也。使清无多尔衮之摄政,无范洪诸人之运筹,无多铎等之征伐,则清之一统,未可必也。
孟森:①清之入关创业,为多尔衮一手所为。②清饶天幸,以多尔衮入关成大功......其明达是以听纳正论,然其时能持论者,实无几人,旧人中唯范文程,降臣中唯洪成畴为有见地,而多尔衮皆能虚受其言。
周汝昌:多尔衮既亡,清政局遂一大变。
顾诚:对于清廷的最高统治者摄政王多尔衮来说,胜利却来得太容易,他以为清朝的两大对手大顺、南明都已经被彻底打垮,剩下的事不过是接管地方,享受胜利果实而已。
刘为:多尔衮短暂的一生中,戎马战事占用了他大部分的时间和精力。在整个皇太极统治17年期间,多尔衮主要经历是统军作战,并逐渐成为皇太极的亲信,以此积累了军事实力和从政经验。
李治亭:在清朝开国史上,摄政王多尔衮无疑是决定清朝命运的关键人物之一。他在明清兴亡的关键时刻,毅然决策进关夺权;又在关键时刻,指挥关键的山海关决战,一举击败李自成,清朝顺利进关;再决策,定鼎北京;国家初成一统!从一定意义上说,多尔衮之开创清朝历史新纪元,与努尔哈赤之开国奠基一样,同具深远的历史意义。
李鸿彬:多尔衮是清开国时期的一个有影响的重要人物,入关前他是太宗皇太极的得力助手,南征北战,出生入死,建立许多战功,成为智勇双全的著名将领。他继承了太祖、太宗入主中原,统一全国的遗愿,辅佐年幼的顺治帝建立清王朝,是清开国的第一大功臣。

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