美育工作管理的意义是什么?

2025-04-07 02:16:39
推荐回答(1个)
回答(1):

1999年,中共中央国务院颁布的《关于深化教育改革全面推进素质教育的决定》指出,实施素质教育,必须把德育、智育、体育、美育等有机地统一在教育活动的各个环节中。这就使美育在学校教育中的地位得到法律确认。《决定》还指出:尽快改变学校美育工作薄弱的状况,中小学要加强音乐、美术课堂教学,高等学校应要求学生选修一定学时的包括艺术在内的人文学科课程。开展丰富多彩的课外文化艺术活动,增强学生的美感体验,培养学生欣赏美和创造美的能力。那到底什么是美育?我国近现代著名的教育家蔡元培给美育下的定义是:美育者,应用美学之理论于教育,以陶养感情为目的者也。”这是高度概括的说法,具体地说,美育又称陶美或美感教育,它是培养人认识美、欣赏美和创造美的能力教育。

美育,分学校美育、社会美育和家庭美育,其中学校是实施美育的主要阵地。中小学美育的基本任务,是帮助学生树立正确的审美观点,培养审美能力,发展学生表现美和创造美的才能。如何实现这个基本任务,有赖于学校管理者的美育素养。美育既是审美教育,就有个审美观点问题。由于人们生活经历、经济地位、文化水平、家庭和社会环境不同,在审美活动中表现出来的观点和态度当然也就各异。审美观点有正确的、有错误的,有高尚的、有低级的。这就要帮助学生树立正确的审美观点,使学生懂得什么是美,什么是丑。在此基础上,培养学生的审美能力,包括感受能力、欣赏能力和评价能力等。至于发展学生表现美和创造美的才能,要在实践中一点一滴地进行培养。

就我国目前的教育现状看,美育仍是学校教育中相对薄弱的环节,这与人们对美育的重要性认识不足有关,也与人们把美育实施途径局限于美术课程这一狭窄范围有关。学校教育中的各个学科、各个环节乃至学校教育的全过程都蕴涵着丰富的美育因素,如果我们能充分地挖掘并利用这些因素,那么将极大地丰富美育的内涵,拓宽美育实施的途径,获得很好的美育效果。而要挖掘和利用学校教育中的各种美育因素,美育就必须主动地、积极地融入学校教育的全过程。

学校美育管理工作就是要使美育努力与智、德、体等其他方面教育相互渗透、协调发展,建立一套科学、系统、行之有效的美育融入学校教育全过程的实践模式。这就是学校美育管理工作的意义所在。

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