柳公权的代表作有哪些?

2025-03-10 08:11:20
推荐回答(3个)
回答(1):

大唐文化瑰丽堂皇,书法艺术名家辈出。初唐有欧、虞、褚、薛;盛唐有张旭、颜真卿、怀素诸人;中晚唐有柳公权、沈传师诸大家。柳公权从颜真卿处接过楷书的旗帜,自创“柳体”,登上又一峰巅。后世以“颜柳”并称,成为历代书艺的楷模。

柳公权,字诚悬,今陕西耀县人。官至太子太师,世称柳少师。柳公权从小就喜欢书法,发愤练字。民间流传出有这样一个柳公权发奋练字的故事:

有一天,柳公权和几个小伙伴举行“书会”。这时,一个卖豆腐的老人看到他写的几个字“会写飞凤家,敢在人前夸”,觉得这孩子太骄傲了,便皱皱眉头,说:“这字写得并不好,好像我的豆腐一样,软塌塌的,没筋没骨,还值得在人前夸吗?”小公权一听,很不高兴地说:“有本事,你写几个字让我看看?”老人爽朗地笑了笑,说:“不敢,不敢,我是一个粗人,写不好字。可是,人家有人用脚都写得比你好得多呢!不信,你到华京城看看去吧。”

第二天,小公权就独自去了华京城。一进华京城,他就看见一棵大槐树下围了许多人。他挤进人群,只见一个没有双臂的黑瘦老头赤着双脚,坐在地上,左脚压纸,右脚夹笔,正在挥洒自如地写对联,笔下的字迹似群马奔腾、龙飞凤舞,博得围观的人们阵阵喝彩。小公权“扑通”一下跪在老人面前,说:“我愿意拜您为师,请您告诉我写字的秘诀……”老人慌忙用脚拉起小公权说:“我是个孤苦的人,生来没手,只得靠脚巧混生活,怎么能为人师表呢?”小公权苦苦哀求,老人才在地上铺了一张纸,用右脚写了几个字:“写尽八缸水,砚染涝池黑;博取百家长,始得龙凤飞。”

柳公权把老人的话牢记在心,从此发奋练字,终于成为了著名书法家。

柳公权的字在唐穆宗、敬宗、文宗三朝一直受重视,他官居侍书,仕途通达。文宗皇帝称他的字是“钟王复生,无以复加焉”。有一次,穆宗帝问他怎样用笔最佳,他说:“用笔在心,心正则笔正。”这句名言被后世传为“笔谏”佳话。

柳公权在唐代元和以后书艺声誉之高,当世无第二人。当时公卿大小家碑志,不得柳公权手笔的,人以子孙为不孝。而且柳公权声誉远播海外,外夷人贡,都另出资财,说:“此购柳书”。皇帝的重用,大臣的推崇,固然可以转移一时风气,但这并非柳公权声誉鹊起的主要原因。柳体以创造一种新的书体美,征服了当代,也赢得了后代的推崇,“一字百金,非虚语也”。苏轼说:“自颜、柳没,笔法衰微。”

柳公权先学颜字,但能自创新意,世称“颜筋柳骨”。他们书法的不同点在于,柳字避开了颜字肥壮的竖画,把横竖画写得大体均匀而瘦硬。他又吸取了北碑中方笔字斩钉截铁棱角分明的长处,把点画写得好像刀切一样爽利深挺。他又吸取虞世南楷书结体上的紧密,颜真卿楷书结体的纵势,创出了独树一帜的柳体。世人颜柳并称,一是楷书艺术到颜真卿、柳公权时已大成,柳同颜一样以楷书嘉惠后学;二是柳与颜一样以人格和书艺相结合,成为后世书家的楷模。确实,“柳体”与“颜体”已成学习书法之津筏;“心正笔正”之说,为书法伦理标准之一;“颜筋柳骨”已是书法审美的一种类型。人们瞻仰这丰碑时,景行仰止,重其书,慕其人,故书与人永垂不朽。

柳氏的一生,除了少许时间在外任官,基本上都在皇帝身边,一直在不断地为皇家,为大臣,为亲朋书碑。柳公权颇像一只关在禁笼中的金丝雀。这样的生活使他缺少壮阔的气度、宽广的视野、浩瀚的生活源泉。颜体不断地发展,柳体在其成熟后变化较少;颜真卿像奔腾咆哮的洪流,柳公权却似流于深山老林的涧水。这是两种不同的格调。

柳公权作为又一代书杰,他高耸的丰碑有多重意义。其代表作有:《李晟碑》(石在陕西高陵)、《大达法师玄秘塔碑》(石在西安碑林)、《苻嶙碑》(柳碑中最完全者)、敦煌石室藏旧拓《金刚经》、《神策军碑》等。

回答(2):

玄秘塔碑、神策军碑、李晟碑、金刚经刻石,这是比较有名,而且对后世影响较深远的。

回答(3):

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