光环境质量对中小学教室的作用意义

2025-03-13 06:41:23
推荐回答(2个)
回答(1):

您好。希望能帮到您!望采纳噢

一、教室光环境的重要性
良好的教室光环境可以提供学生最舒适的照明质量,提高学习效率的同时,减少视觉疲劳,利于维护师生健康。
学校教室的照明应以视觉的健康舒适作为考虑的要点。因为学生在教室进行学习活动时,几乎全是近距离的注视,为了适应教室环境,人的视觉器官地自行调节,而使眼部肌肉过分紧张;另一方面,学生课业负担严重,长期在不良的教室照明环境下学习,将造成视觉生理上的疾病。对学生而言,教室如果照明环境舒适且设备齐全,则可提高学习效率;针对老师而言,若处在设备良好且舒适的照明环境中教室,更易收到事半功倍的教室效果。光环境的作用基本上可分为心理与生理两方面:
心理方面:
(1)舒适的照明环境可使学生具有良好的心理感觉;
(2)舒适的照明环境可激发学生的学习热情;
(3)良好的教室照明可以提升视觉作业效率。
2.生理方面:
(1)舒适的照明环境可以避免视觉器官上的疾病,防止视觉疾病;
(2)舒适的照明环境可避免光污染,维护师生身体健康。
综合现行的国家标准GB 7793-2010 《中小学校教室采光和照明卫生标准》和上海市的改造经验,我们建议教室照明需要有足够照度,良好的照度均匀度,良好显色性,较少的眩光和较高的视觉舒适度,同时在照亮,照好教室,提高工作学习效率的同时,还要有意识地去限制能耗。真正提供、高品质,高效率的健康照明。
二、教室照明的改造依据
教室光环境改造中的各项指标应按照GB 7793-2010 《中小学校教室采光和照明卫生标准》分别设定,同时参考各类国际同类标准值。
GB 7793-2010 《中小学校教室采光和照明卫生标准》要求如下:
(1)教室课桌面的维持平均照度值不应低于300lx,其照度均匀度不应低于0.7;
(2)教室黑板维持平均照度值不应低于500lx,其照度均匀度不应低于0.8;
(3)教室的统一眩光值不大于19;
(4)教室灯具距课桌面的最低悬挂高度不应低于1.7米;
(5)在维持平均照度300lx的条件下,教室照明功率密度不大于11W/m2。

三、本次改造达到的效果
本次光环境改造后将教室课桌面平均照度提高到300LX以上,黑板照度提高到500LX以上,保证了足够的照明给师生进行正常的教学活动;
改造后的教室照度均匀度在0.7以上,黑板照度均匀度在0.8以上,使得教室整体照明环境柔和更加舒适;
本次光环境改造采用6500K色温的光源,光源的显色指数大于80,以保证师生获得真切的视角体验;
教室的统一眩光值(UGR)小于16,明显提高照明舒适度;
采用最新国家节能目录中的电子镇流器,解决频闪问题所带来潜在的视角光环境污染;
改造后的所有教室照明功率密度全部控制在11W/m2以下,达到节能降耗的目的。

回答(2):

如今尽管构成青少年视力下降的原因有很多,但科学家普遍以为,长期在照度较低和显色指数不达标的光线下用眼,是导致双眼过度疲惫,最终致使近视和别的眼疾的主要因素。而良好的教室照明灯能够有效减轻青少年用眼疲惫,保护视力的健康。
根据《GB7793-2010中小学校教室采光和照明卫生标准》,对显色指数的要求是≥80,显色性更好,照明质量就更佳!

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