有关化学,氯化氢溶于水的问题

2025-04-05 21:06:17
推荐回答(1个)
回答(1):

(2)小涛同学认为小田同学的实验方案不严密,他用紫色石蕊溶液和滤纸做成两朵紫色小花,将小花干燥后,按如图所示进行实验.在实验A和实验B中分别观察到变色和不变色两种现象,由此得出的结论是氯化氢与盐酸的性质不相同(或氯化氢本身不显酸性,不能使石蕊变色).
(3)为了进一步证明上述结论,小涛同学继续实验,他将一条打磨光亮的镁条放入盛有干燥氯化氢气体的集气瓶中,若能发生与盐酸相同的反应,预计观察到的现象是镁的表面有气泡产生.
(4)下列物质中还可以作为探究这一问题的试剂的是②③④(填序号)
①氢氧化钠溶液;②碳酸钠粉末;③固体烧碱;④氧化铜粉末
【实验结论】通过对上述实验和其他酸碱盐间反应的分析,小组同学明白了,氯化氢溶于水后发生了变化--解离成了氯离子和氢离子,所以不再保持氯化氢分子的性质,盐酸的性质实际上反映的是溶液中氯离子和氢离子的性质,于是他们对“分子是保持物质化学性质的最小颗粒”这句话有了更深刻的认识.
【反馈与应用】若发生氯化氢气体泄漏,通常会出现的现象是有白雾产生,抢险应采用的处理办法是先喷水再撒石灰.

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