1. 2xy-x²+1-y²=1-(x²-2xy+y²)=1-(x+y)²=(1+x+y)*(1-x-y) 2.5ax+5bx+3ay+3by=a*(5x+3y)+b*(5x+3y)=(5x+3y)*(a+b) 3.x^3-x²+x-1=x²(x-1)+x-1=(x-1)*(x²+1) 4.x²-x-y²-y=x²-y²-x-y=(x+y)*(x-y-1) 5.18a²-32b²-18a+24b=2(9a²-16b²)-6(3a-4b)=2(3a+4b)*(3a-4b)-6(3a-4b)=2(3a-4b)*(3a+4b-3) 6.x²-25+y²-2xy=(x+y)²-25=(x+y+5)*(x+y-5) 7. y^4-4y^3+4y²-1= y²(y²-4y+4)-1=y²(y-2)²-1=(y²-2y)²-1=(y²-2y+1)*(y²-2y-1) 8.4a²-b²-4c²+4bc=4a²-(b²-4bc+4c²)=(2a)²-(b-c)²=(2a+b-c)*(2a-b+c) 9.x²-y²+ax+ay=(x+y)*(x-y)+a(x+y)=(x+y)*(x-y+a) 10.a+b+ab+1=a(1+b)+b+1=(1+b)*(a+1) 11.a²-ab+ac-bc=a*(a-b)+c(a-b)=(a-b)*(a+c) 12.7x²+3y+xy+21x=7x(x+3)+y(3+x)=(x+3)*(7x+y) 13.2ac-6ad+bc-3bd=2ac+bc-6ad-3bd=c*(2a+1)-3d(2a+1)=(2a+1)*(c-3d)