推荐回答(1个)
小学生良好行为习惯的意义有哪些
a、读书习惯。由于小学生刚开始识字,识字量不多,往往是指认较多,或是一字一顿地读,或是唱读。对此,如果要让学生提高阅读能力,加快阅读速度,以尽早进入能快速浏览、阅读的轨道,必须先让学生养成双手捧书读的习惯。有的学生捧书读时又可能眼离书本不是过远,就是太近。对此,我就提醒学生:“我们应怎样读书?”学生齐答:“双手捧书,眼离一尺。”这样做,学生易于记忆,心领神会,利于养成好习惯。
b、写字习惯。学生的写字习惯是一个特别重要的问题。常见的不正确写字姿势是偏头、侧身、匍伏等。针对这种情况,教师应随时提醒:“写字必须‘三个一’”,经过提示学生会自觉地迅速纠正不正确的姿势,经过多次纠正,就可养成正确的写字习惯。
c、坐姿。小学生正处在身体发育成长的年龄段。坐姿端正与否,不仅影响到学习,而且将影响到学生身体的正常发育。要让学生保持良好坐姿并不费事,只须教师在恰当的时机按照约定呼叫:“一、二、三!”学生当会回答:“坐端正!”或是教师以某种动作手势予以个别提示,既达到了目的,也不会影响教学的进行。
d、注意力。小学生的心理特点决定了小学生集中注意力的时间是有限的。这就要求教师有驾驭课堂稳定住学生注意力的能力。可针对小学生好动的特点,从激发兴趣入手,把课堂教“活”(活而不乱,放而能收);或者走到学生中间,利用“暗示法”提请学生注意,“拍一拍”、“拨一拨”、“点一点”等;如不便走下讲台,可用“稍停法”(暂时停止讲授),“注视法”、“指向法”等,引起某些学生的注意,收拢其注意力;在这种情况下,邻座同学也可以协助提醒。
有一次课堂上,教室里突然飞进来一只小麻雀在窗玻璃上乱撞,全班学生的注意力差不多都移到了小麻雀身上。我来不及考虑,立即走向窗玻璃捉住了它。顿时,就有许多学生乱叫:“给我!”“给我!”这时,我说了简短的一句话:“小麻雀是益鸟!我们应当怎样做?”学生省悟过来,异口同声地回答:“放回大自然。”这样,很快处置了这一“突发事件”,又使学生受到了保护益鸟的环保行为教育。
除此而外,恰当的赞语、激励,合适的奖励等各种不同手法的灵活运用,对培养学生的集中注意力的习惯也是重要的。
此外,勤于读书、会圈点勾划的习惯,讲卫生(做眼保健操等)的习惯,学习用具正确使用的习惯,遵守作息时间的习惯,课外活动计划安排的习惯等,都与小学生的学习和进步有密切关系,都应纳入培养教育的范围。只要家长、老师心中有规范,定期检查与随时抽查相结合,“严”有尺度,“教”有方法,要求一致,就可使学生从小养成良好的学习行为习惯。
我国著名教育家陶行知先生说:“播种行为,就收获习惯;播种习惯,就收获性格;播种性格,就收获命运。”这一育人哲理道出了培养行为习惯的重要性。小学它能比较系统地向学生进行日常行为规范教育
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