推荐回答(5个)
西北地域温差大降水量小,土地虽不如东北土壤肥沃,却让茄子、辣子、土豆和番茄等等的植物糖分特别充足,矿物质感觉也特别明显,你只要把新鲜蔬菜凑到面前,便能闻到浓烈的菜香味,这可是南方熟菜大棚里所种植不出的出色品种呢!整个西北地区饮食文化以清真美食为总领,如手抓羊肉,烤羊肉串,糖肉包子,白斩鸡,椒麻鸡,牛,羊杂碎,兰州拉面,陕西水盆羊肉,胡羊肉,腊羊肉等等,等等枚不胜举。如果没有了这些美食日常日子里人们不知道去哪享受生活的美。其他的饮食点点滴滴基本上不成体系和规模,基本上是这里一家,那里一个,还都是泛泛之辈,这是不争的事实。不相信你把西北五省游完就知道了。
自然区划概念下的西北地区,位于中国的西北部,史称“西陲”或“回疆”,与其它地区相比,西北一带的食风显得古朴、粗犷、自然、厚实。其主食是玉米与小麦并重,也吃其它杂粮,小米饭香甜,油茶脍炙人口,黑米粥、槐花蒸面与黄桂柿子馍更独具风情,牛羊肉泡馍名闻全国。家常食馔多为汤面辅以蒸馍、烙饼或是芋豆小吃,粗料精作,花样繁多,农妇们也有“一面百样吃”、“七十二餐饭食天天新”的本领。受气候环境和耕作习惯限制,食用青菜甚少,农家用膳常是饭碗大而菜碟小,一年四季有油泼辣子、细盐、浆水和蒜瓣亦足矣。如有客人造访或宰羊,或杀鸡,或炒几碟肉丝、鸡蛋、苜蓿,擀细面,蒸白馍,也相当丰盛。
要解开这个疑惑,我们得从大环境去谈谈了。在世界三大菜系里面,除了以中国菜为代表的东方菜系和法国菜为代表的西方菜系,还有一块非常重要的,那就是伊斯兰世界的清真菜系。由于文化的隔膜,人们对伊斯兰世界往往知之甚少,但清真菜对中国菜却有着相当深远的影响。在坊间就曾有一种说法,老北京的菜谱里有近一半都是清真菜,像是老北京爱吃的“涮羊肉”便是回民的杰作。提到清真菜,西北无疑是中国清真菜的一个重要发源地。“烤羊肉串”、“兰州拉面”等等带清真风格的西北菜,早已渗透我们生活主餐和闲时小食。但生活习惯的差异,我们常觉得清真菜肴和我们日常饮食差异太大,这就是为什么人们对西北菜既熟悉又陌生,以至于大家下西北馆子时,看着厚厚的菜牌总是无从下手,不知道该从哪个菜点起。而在我的味觉记忆里,能让我许久不吃会产生念念不忘的情感,除了重庆火锅,就要数西北菜里的“新疆手抓肉”了。
西北地区饮食文化圈,口味特点:以咸为主,辅以适当的干辣(椒)和香辛料。西北的饮食文化受自然环境和宗教因素的影响非常明显。西北地区有优良的天然草场,从西汉至清朝中叶,这里基本上以畜牧业为主,农业种植香辛料较多。食物结构较简单,过去基本不吃蔬菜,但人们爱吃烤肉,佐以孜然,辣椒粉等调味品,口味咸重。
最西北的面食:牛肉小饭。张掖小吃源远流长,品种之多,不胜枚举,小饭,张掖人最爱的当地面食之一,小饭中“饭”的原料是面粉,而非米。“小饭”里的汤,是用鸡汤或牛骨汤熬就的,加入胡椒粉和姜粉调味,还勾过水淀粉,有一定的粘度,里面配以黄牛肉片、粉条、豆腐片,热乎乎地往“饭”上一浇,浓浓的胡椒香味,色香诱人。
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