光学玻璃的光学是什么

2025-04-03 12:43:43
推荐回答(3个)
回答(1):

光学(optics)是物理学的重要分支学科。也是与光学工程技术相关的学科。狭义来说,光学是关于光和视见的科学,optics词早期只用于跟眼睛和视见相联系的事物。而今天常说的光学是广义的,是研究从微波、红外线、可见光、紫外线直到X射线和γ射线的宽广波段范围内的电磁辐射的产生、传播、接收和显示,以及与物质相互作用的科学,着重研究的范围是从红外到紫外波段。它是物理学的一个重要组成部分。

光学是研究光的行为和性质的物理学科。光是一种电磁波,在物理学中,电磁波由电动力学中的麦克斯韦方程组来描述;同时,光具有波粒二象性,光的粒子性则需要用量子力学来描述。

基本简介

光学的起源在西方很早就有光学知识的记载,古希腊的欧几里德(Euclid,约公元前330~260)的《反射光学》(Catoptrica)研究了光的反射;阿拉伯学者阿勒·哈增(AI-Hazen,965~1038)写过一部《光学全书》,讨论了许多光学的现象。光学真正形成一门学科,应该从建立反射定律和折射定律的时代算起,这两个定律奠定了几何光学的基础。

光学玻璃

能改变光的传播方向,并能改变紫外、可见或红外光的相对光谱分布的玻璃。狭义的光学玻璃是指无色光学玻璃;广义的光学玻璃还包括有色光学玻璃、激光玻璃、石英光学玻璃、抗辐射玻璃、紫外红外光学玻璃、纤维光学玻璃、声光玻璃、磁光玻璃和光变色玻璃。光学玻璃可用于制造光学仪器中的透镜、棱镜、反射镜及窗口等。由光学玻璃构成的部件是光学仪器中的关键性元件。

简介

用于制造光学仪器或机械系统的透镜、棱镜、反射镜、窗口等的玻璃材料。包括无色光学玻璃(通常简称光学玻璃)、有色光学玻璃、耐辐射光学玻璃、防辐射玻璃和光学石英玻璃等。光学玻璃具有高度的透明性、化学及物理学(结构和性能)上的高度均匀性,具有特定和精确的光学常数。它可分为硅酸盐、硼酸盐、磷酸盐、氟化物和硫系化合物系列。品种繁多,主要按他们在折射率(nD)-阿贝值(VD)图中的位置来分类。传统上nD>1.60,VD>50和nD<1.60,VD>55的各类玻璃定为冕(K)玻璃,其余各类玻璃定为火石(F)玻璃。冕玻璃一般作凸透镜,火石玻璃作凹透镜。通常冕玻璃属于含碱硼硅酸盐体系,轻冕玻璃属于铝硅酸盐体系,重冕玻璃及钡火石玻璃属于无碱硼硅酸盐体系,绝大部分的火石玻璃属于铅钾硅酸盐体系。随着光学玻璃的应用领域不断拓宽,其品种在不断扩大,其组成中几乎包括周期表中的所有元素。

通过折射、反射、透过方式传递光线或通过吸收改变光的强度或光谱分布的一种无机玻璃态材料。具有稳定的光学性质和高度光学均匀性。

回答(2):

光学玻璃的光学的光学是一种标准,就是能够做光学仪器的玻璃,光学,要求质地均匀,做成透镜后成像后,经过几百倍放大,依旧清洗而不模糊。而普通玻璃,虽然我们平时觉得其晶莹剔透,然而不用说几百倍就是做成六七倍的望远镜,在看一千米以外的地方时就已经模糊不清了。

回答(3):

https://zhidao.baidu.com/question/1608528882367356787.html?entry=qb_ihome_tag
简单地讲,光学玻璃就是满足光学要求的玻璃,由于光学的精度都很高,光学玻璃的质量都非常高,价格也水涨船高。

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