为什么氢氧化钠不能与氯化钾反应?还有怎么判断能否发生化学反应。求详细解答谢谢了!

2025-03-10 11:24:19
推荐回答(5个)
回答(1):

没有生成水,气体或沉淀所以不反应
如果是中学阶段的化学,判断物质间是否反应有些规律遵从.如强制弱,强酸强碱制出弱酸弱碱,这样就能反应,反过来弱酸弱碱就不能制强酸强碱.也可运用相对氧化还原性强弱来判断,同样是强制弱.但是具体物质间能否反应还要看实际是否有这样的反应,不能用这些规律去捏造不存在的反应.另外中学阶段还要多记一些反应,多做些题目,在判断能否反应上可以进行类比,也有很大帮助
比如复分解反应要生成沉淀,气体,水.这是最好理解的
盐与盐在水溶液中反应,实际上是盐溶于水后电离出的离子之间的反应.若无气体或沉淀生成,溶液中仍然是原来的那些离子,即没有发生化学反应;若有气体或沉淀生成,那么溶液中的离子就会有所变化,即发生了化学反应.
1.对于复分解反应:看是否满足这些条件之一“有沉淀,有气体,有水,有难电离的物质(弱酸,弱碱等)”生成.(积累常见的酸碱盐性质,背熟书后的溶解性表)
2.对于置换反应:看是否满足金属活动顺序表的,排在前面的金属置换后面的金属.附:金属活动顺序表:K,Ca,Na,Mg,Al,Zn,Fe,Sn,Pb,(H),Cu,Hg,Ag,Pt,Au 例如:Mg,Fe,Zn,Al分别可以置换Cu2+,Ag+而生成相应的金属.是否满足非金属性强的置换非金属性弱的:如:非金属性F>Cl>Br>I,所以Cl2可以置换KBr中的Br从而生成Br2.(理解元素周期表)
3.对于氧化还原反应:只有氧化剂才能和还原剂反应.应该记一些氧化剂和还原剂,及它们的还原产物及氧化产物.
(一)氧化剂:
1.强氧化剂:
1.1 高价态的含氧酸,含氧酸的酸酐及含氧酸盐(KMnO4(H+),HNO3(浓,稀),K2Cr2O7(H+)(酸性重铬酸钾),Mn2O7,CrO3,KClO3)
1.2 过氧化物(H2O2,Na2O2).活泼的非金属(F2,Cl2,Br2,O2,O3等).
1.3 卤素的所有含氧酸及其盐:(HClO,NaClO,Ca(ClO)2(漂白粉),KIO3,KClO3)
1.4 不活泼金属的阳离子:(H+,Ag+,Hg2+等)
2.中强或较弱的氧化剂:I2(中强),Fe3+(中强),Cu2+,S,H2SO3等
(二)还原剂:
2.1 很活泼的金属:(排在Fe以前的:K,Ba,Sr,Ca,Na,Li,Mg,Al,Zn)
2.2 低价态的含氧酸及其盐:如:Na2SO3,NaI,NaBr等
记住:氧化剂的氧化性一定要强于氧化产物的氧化性;
还原剂的还原性一定要强于还原产物的还原性

回答(2):

判断一个反应是否能够发生首先玩看它的生成物中是否有水,沉淀或气体,如果有其中一种或几种,一般情况下,这个反应都可以进行,只有极个别情况例外。如果你是中学生,不参加什么竞赛之类的,这个判断条件就够用了。

回答(3):

如果要发生反应,是复分解反应,复分解反应要有沉淀、气体或水生成,当氢氧化钠不能与氯化钾交换离子后,变成了氢氧化钾和氧化钠,都是可溶的物质,不符合复分解反应的条件,所以不能发生。

回答(4):

化学反应的定义:分子分成原子,离子重组,原子重组,原子重新排列组合构成新物质的过程,称为化学反应。
因此氢氧化钠和氢氧化钾在溶液中肯定会有离子交换、重组,但是由于没有产生新物质,所以不能说它们发生了化学反应。

氢氧化钠不能与氯化钾反应?还有怎么判断能否发生化学反应。

回答(5):

能够发生复分解反应只要满足以下三种情况中的任意一种即可:产生沉淀;有气体生成(如CO2);有弱电解质生成(如H2O)
氢氧化钠溶液和氯化钾溶液的反应明显不符合上述任一种情况,故不反应.

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