记球内接长方体在第 1 卦限的顶点坐标是 (x, y, z ),x>0, y>0, z>0,
则长方体体积 V = 8xyz,
构造拉格朗日函数 L = 8xyz + k(x^2+y^2+z^2-r^2)
Lx = 0, 8yz + 2xk = 0
Ly = 0, 8xz + 2yk = 0
Lz = 0, 8yz + 2zk = 0
Lk = 0, x^2+y^2+z^2 = r^2
x, y, z 分别乘以前 3 个式子,再两两相减,得 x = y = z
代人第 4 式得 x = y = z = r/√3,
最大体积 V = 8r^3/(3√3)