宏力水泵厂自平衡多级离心油泵用什么材质最好?

2025-04-05 15:32:57
推荐回答(2个)
回答(1):

什么材质都可以的,油泵的话,用化工材质的最好

回答(2):

自平衡多级离心油泵材质的选择原则
如何选型、如何选择自平衡多级离心泵的材料成为化工行业最重要的问题。通常有个误区,认为不锈钢是万能材料,不论什么介质和环境条件不锈钢都可以胜任。这么做很冒险,轻则引起交易纠纷,重则引起重大事故。长沙宏力水泵厂下面列举常见的几种化工介质及其选材
1.盐酸。绝大多数金属材料都不耐盐酸腐蚀,当盐酸浓度比较高的时候包括各种不锈钢材料都耐不住其腐蚀,含钼高硅铁也仅可用于50℃、30%以下盐酸。和金属材料相反,绝大多数非金属材料对盐酸都有良好的耐腐蚀性,所以内衬橡胶泵和塑料泵(如聚丙烯、氟塑料等)是输送盐酸的最好选择。
2.硫酸。作为强腐蚀介质之一,硫酸是用途非常广泛的重要工业原料。不同浓度和温度的硫酸对材料的腐蚀差别较大,对于浓度在80%以上、温度小于80℃的浓硫酸,碳钢和铸铁有较好的耐蚀性,但它不适合高速流动的硫酸,因此泵阀材料不宜用碳钢和铸铁;即使是普通不锈钢如304和316对硫酸介质也用途有限。因此输送硫酸的泵阀通常采用高硅铸铁或者高合金不锈钢即20号合金制造,但是他们铸造及加工难度都很大大。氟塑料具有较好的耐硫酸性能,采用衬氟泵是一种更为经济的选择。
3.硝酸。作为一种具有强氧化性的酸,一般金属大多在硝酸中被迅速腐蚀破坏,常温下,氟塑料和不锈钢材料对硝酸都有很强的耐蚀性,值得注意的是含钼的不锈钢(如316、316L)对硝酸的耐蚀性不仅不优于普通不锈钢(如304、321),有时甚至不如。而对于高温硝酸,通常采用钛及钛合金材料。
4.醋酸它是有机酸中腐蚀性最强的物质之一,普通钢铁在一切浓度和温度的醋酸中都会严重腐蚀,不锈钢是优良的耐醋酸材料,含钼的316不锈钢还能适用于高温和稀醋酸蒸汽。对于高温高浓醋酸或含有其它腐蚀介质等苛刻要求时,可选用高合金不锈钢或氟塑料泵。
5.碱。常见化工类碱为氢氧化钠。80℃以下、30%浓度内的氢氧化钠溶液都可以用钢铁材质,也有许多工厂在100℃、75%以下时仍采用普通钢铁,虽然腐蚀增加了,但经济性好。普通不锈钢对碱液的耐蚀性与铸铁相比没有明显优点,只要介质中容许少量铁份掺入不推荐采用不锈钢。对于高温碱液多采用钛及钛合金或者高合金不锈钢。一般铸铁泵均可用于常温低浓度碱液,特殊要求时可采用各类化工玻璃钢泵、化工塑料泵等。
6.氨(氢氧化氨)大多数金属和非金属在液氨及氨水(氢氧化氨)中的腐蚀都很轻微,只有铜和铜合金不宜使用。
7醇类、酮类、酯类等。醇类常见的如甲醇、乙醇、乙二醇、丙醇等;酮类如丙酮、丁酮等;酯类如甲酯、乙酯等,它们基本没有腐蚀性,一般常见材料均可,但为了清洁最好选用不锈钢材料;另外值得注意的是酮、酯对多种橡胶均有溶解性,在选择机封材料时应该注意一下。
7.盐水及海水类。像海水这类介质,普通钢铁在氯化钠溶液和海水、咸水中腐蚀率不太高,一般须采用涂料保护;各类不锈钢也有很低的均匀腐蚀率,但可能因氯离子而引起局部性腐蚀,通常采用316不锈钢材料较好。

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