锚杆的种类及其作用?

特别是各种锚杆在隧道中的应用
2025-02-26 18:57:10
推荐回答(2个)
回答(1):

锚固方式 机械式磨擦试 倒楔式 倒楔式锚杆
胀壳式 胀壳式锚杆

楔逢式 楔逢式锚杆

胀管式 水力胀管锚杆
爆破胀管锚杆
管逢锚杆

粘结式 水泥锚杆
树脂锚杆
聚氨酯锚杆
砂浆锚杆

阻力式 旋丝刻入 自旋锚杆 (螺旋锚杆)
倒锥锚杆

杆体形式 刚性 钢筋 左旋螺纹钢锚杆
反麻花锚杆

玻璃钢 玻璃钢锚杆

柔性 钢绞线 钢丝绳锚杆
锚索
铁丝 铁丝锚杆

钢柔性 木 木锚杆
压缩木锚杆

竹 竹锚杆

性质用途 注浆 注浆锚杆
可回收 可回收锚杆
预应力 预应力锚杆
锚索
带钻头 自钻锚杆 (自进式锚杆)
特定场合 土层

回答(2):

01 全长粘结锚杆 :锚杆孔全长填充粘结材料的锚杆。
02 预应力锚杆 :施加预应力的锚杆。
03 摩擦型锚杆:靠锚杆体与孔壁之间的摩擦力起锚固作用的锚杆。
04 砂浆锚杆:以水泥砂浆、快硬水泥砂浆为锚固剂的粘结型锚杆 。
05 水泥药卷锚杆:以水泥药卷为锚固剂的粘结型锚杆 。
06树脂锚杆:以树脂为锚固剂的粘结型锚杆 。
07 自钻式锚杆:锚杆本身兼有造孔钻杆功能,将造孔、注浆和锚固结合为一体的锚杆,亦称自进式锚杆。
08 缝管式锚杆:将沿纵向开缝的薄壁钢管强行推入比其外径小的钻孔中,借助钢管对孔壁的径向压力产生阻力而起锚固作用的锚杆。
09 花管注浆锚杆:以在管壁布置一定数量小孔的钢管为杆体插入钻孔后,通过杆体空腔的小孔向锚杆孔注浆的砂浆锚杆。
10 水胀式锚杆 :将用薄壁钢管加工成的异型空腔杆件 , 送入比其略大的钻孔中,通过向该杆件空腔高压注水,使杆件膨胀与孔壁产生摩阻力而起到锚固作用的锚杆。
11 永久性锚杆:与主体工程使用年限相符,在工程有效运行期内能够保持性能稳定和质量标准,或具备检修更换条件,可持续发挥作用的锚杆。
12 临时锚杆 :达不到主体工程同等使用年限标准,只要求在工程施工期间或特定阶段起作用的锚杆,工程正常运用工况条件下一般不考虑其作用。
13 系统锚杆:根据岩(土)体整体稳定要求,在整个开挖面上,按一定间距、一定规律布置的锚杆 。
14 随机锚杆:为防止岩(土) 体塌落或滑动 ,在局部布设的锚杆。

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