英语中哪些动词过去式是原型

2024-12-05 05:17:26
推荐回答(1个)
回答(1):

动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
实例顺序:
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
发音:
ed在清辅音音素后
发音为
[
t
],
在浊辅音后发音为[
d
],
在元音后发音也为[
d
]
,在[t]、[d]
后发音为[id]
一.规则变化
1.
一般在动词原形后加-ed
look
looked
looked
call
called
called
open
opened
opened
need
needed
needed
2.
以-e结尾的动词加-d
move
phone
phoned
phoned
hope
hoped
hoped
agree
agreed
agreed
move
moved
moved
3.
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-ed
study
studied
studied
carry
carried
carried
try
tried
tried
4.
以原音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-ed
play
played
played
enjoy
enjoyed
enjoyed
stay
stayed
stayed
5.
末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-ed
stop
stopped
stopped
plan
planned
planned
fit
fitted
fitted
6.
以-r音节结尾的词,双写r字母,
再加-ed
prefer
preferred
preferred
refer
referred
referred
二.不规则变化:英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则,可分为五种情况。
1.动词原形、过去式和过去分词完全同形。
cut(切)
cut
cut
hit(打)
hit
hit
cast(扔)
cast
cast
hurt(伤害)
hurt
hurt
put(放)
put
put
let(让)
let
let
shut(关)
shut
shut
cost(花费)
cost
cost
set(放)
set
set
rid(清除)
rid
rid
2.过去式与过去分词完全同形。
find(找到)
found
found
pay(支付)
paid
paid
leave(离开)
left
left
lend(借出)
lent
lent
meet(遇见)
met
met
keep(保持)
kept
kept
lose(丢失)
lost
lost
teach(教)
taught
taught
sit(坐)
sat
sat
lead(引导)
led
led
win(赢)除)
won
won
3.动词原形与过去分词同形
come(来)
came
come
run(跑)
ran
run
become(成为)
became
become
4.动词原形、过去式、过去分词形式完全不同。
give(给)
gave
given
fly(飞)
flew
flown
drink(喝)
drank
drunk
see(看见)
saw
seen
go(去)
went
gone
know(知道)
knew
known
wear(穿)
wore
worn
speak(说)
spoke
spoken
5.过去式和过去分词有两种形式
burn(燃烧)
burned
burnt
burned
burnt
learn(学习)
learned
learnt
learned
learnt
smell(闻)
smelled
smelt
smelled
smelt
spell
(拼写)
spelled
spelt
spelled
spelt
shine
(照射)
shined
shone
shined
shone
leap
(跳)
leaped
leapt
leaped
leapt
提示
:
a.
beat的过去式与原形同形:
比:beat(打击)
beat(过去式)
beaten(过去分词)
b.
lie有规则变化和不规则变化两种,含义不同
比:lie
lied,
lied(说谎)
lay,
lain(躺,位于)
c.
hang
有规则变化和不规则变化两种,含义不同
比:hang
hanged,
hanged(处绞刑)
hung,
hung(挂,吊)
d.
welcome(欢迎)一词是规则动词,不可误用为不规则动词
比:welcome
welcomed,
welcomed(正)
welcome,
welcome(误)
e.不要将不规则动词误用为规则动词
比:hit(打)
hit,
hit(正)
hitted,
hitted(误)
f.
fix的过去式和过去分词x不双写,为fixed.