推荐回答(5个)
如果你拉绳头部分,当拉力大于摩擦力时,绳子会滑动。绳头部分会变长,而绳圈部分逐渐缩小,最后绳结被解开。所以这种结统称为“活结”,优点是好解开。

那么人在走路的时候,没有人去拉绳头,鞋带怎么也会自动解开呢?
答案是,有一种力在拉绳头,不是灵异事件,这就是惯性力。当你系好鞋带走路或者跑步的时候,由于双脚加速,减速,绳圈和绳头部分会受到惯性力。说通俗点,就是“甩来甩去”的那种力量。
关于这个问题,加州伯克利的一位教授还专门做了研究。他用高速摄影机拍摄实验对象跑步时鞋带散开的过程,测量出跑步过程中鞋带末端的加速度可以达到7倍的重力加速度(想看他的研究请戳“阅读原文”) 。

这个加速度乘以绳子头的质量,就等于绳子头受到的惯性力,也就是说绳子头会感受到一个拉力T1(即图4中“惯性力1”),这个力可以大到绳头部分自身重量的7倍。与此同时,绳圈部分也感受到一个惯性力(即图4中“惯性力2”),是和绳头方向相反滑动的拉力。同时鞋带之间还有一个阻碍它自由滑动的摩擦力 f。于是上面的结构就变成了中学物理里出镜率极高的“动滑轮”——绳结相当于有摩擦力的定滑轮、绳圈相当于动滑轮、绳头上的惯性力相当于拉力,而绳圈上的惯性力相当于动滑轮上的重物。

当绳结处两个惯性力的合力大于摩擦力时,鞋带就会发生滑动。特别是如果绳头方向的惯性力(惯性力1)更大的时候,鞋带就滑向解开的方向;而如果绳圈方向的惯性力(惯性力2)更大的时候,鞋带就向相反的方向滑动,最后鞋带退化成一个死结。而无论是哪个情况,都可以统称为:“你鞋带又散了!”
1、 换用轻质鞋带。这相当于减小鞋带的密度ρ。两个惯性力因此均得以减小。
2、 保证尽可能地让绳圈部分和绳头部分长度相等,这相当于减小( l1-l2)的绝对值, 惯性力的合力因此得到减小。
3、 走路稳重一点。这相当于减小加速度a,两个惯性力因此得以减小。
4、 鞋带系紧点!(父母朴素的建议),相当于提高摩擦力F。
5、 把硬的圆鞋带换成软的扁鞋带。因为前者在结的位置接触面积小于后者,所以能提供的摩擦力F也小于后者。
6、 避免使用很重的金属鞋带头。因为这会更加大绳头部分受到的惯性力。
(7、穿不用系鞋带的鞋~)
拉力大于摩擦力时绳子会滑动,绳圈部分逐渐缩小,最后绳结被解开。
估计你走路脚步有点不一样,我也有过,不过我是鞋垫跑出来了。注意不要把脚系的太紧,留点空间,同时把鞋带系得比另一边紧些,同时注意脚步姿势。应该没问题了!
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