古文翻译

2025-03-28 23:45:15
推荐回答(2个)
回答(1):

袁 家 渴 记

柳宗元

【原文】:由冉溪西南,水行十里,山水之可取者五,莫若钴鉧潭;由溪口而西,陆行,可取者八、九,莫若西山;由朝阳岩东南,水行至芜江,可取者三,莫若袁家渴;皆永中幽丽奇处也。
楚、越之间方言,谓水之支流者为“渴”。渴,上与南馆高嶂合,下与百家濑合。其中重洲、小溪、澄潭、浅渚[2],间厕[3]曲折。平者深黑,峻者沸白[4]。舟行若穷,忽又无际。有小山出水中。山皆美石,上生青丛,冬夏常蔚然[5]。其旁多岩洞。其下多白砾[6];其树多枫、柟、石楠、楩、槠、樟、柚;草则兰、芷,又有异卉,类合欢而蔓生,轇轕[7]水石。
每风自四山而下,振动大木,掩苒[8]众草,纷红骇绿,蓊葧[9]香气;冲涛旋濑,退贮溪谷;摇颺葳蕤[10],与时推移。其大都如此。余无以穷其状。
永之人未尝游焉,余得之,不敢专[11]也。出而传於世。其地主袁氏,故以名焉。

【注释】:
1. 音若衣褐之褐:此六字疑为注文,不应列为本文。
2. 渚:水中小洲。
3. 间厕:交错夹杂。
4. 峻,急流;沸,沸腾。
5. 蔚然:草木茂盛貌。
6. 白砾:白色碎石。
7. 轇轕:交错纠缠貌。
8. 苒:轻柔。
9. 蓊葧:浓郁。
10. 葳蕤:草木茂盛,枝叶下垂貌。
11. 专:独享。
【译文】:
从冉溪向西南,走水路十里远,山水风景较好的有五处,风景最好的是钴鉧潭;从溪口向西,走陆路,风景较好的有八、九处,风景最好的是西山;从朝阳岩向东南,走水路到芜江,风景较好的有三处,风景最好的是袁家渴;他们都是永州美丽奇异的地方。
楚、越两地之间的方言,水的支流叫做「渴」,(读“褐”音)。渴的上游与南馆的高山会合,下游与“百家濑”汇合。其中岛屿(江河里边的岛屿)、小溪、清潭、小洲,交错夹杂,蜿蜒曲折。水流平静的地方深黑色,急流的地方像沸腾一样冒着白沫。船好像就走到了尽头,忽然河水又看不到尽头了。有座小山从水中露出来。山上都是好看的石头,上面生长绿色的草丛,冬夏都浓密茂盛。山旁有许多岩洞。山下有许多白色的碎石;上山的树木多是枫树、柟树、石楠、楩树、槠树、樟树、柚树;小草则多是兰草、芷草,又有许多奇异的花卉,类似合欢但是长出许多茎蔓,缠绕着水中石头。
每当有风从四周山上吹下,吹动大树,轻摇小草,红绿缤纷,香气浓郁;冲起波涛旋着水涡,从溪谷流进流出,萧条茂盛,根据时间变换。风景大都是这样的。我没办法都描述出来。
永州没有过来游玩,我来到了这里,不敢独自享受。回来写出文章告诉世人。这里土地的主人姓袁,所以我叫它“袁家渴”。

回答(2):

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