推荐回答(2个)
1、截止频率是指滤波器的响应在低于它的最大电平时跌落到某点的频率,通常为最大电平的0.707倍或0.5倍,或下降3dB或6dB时的频率
一、滤波器影象参数法的设计 滤波器是一种典型的选频电路,在给定的频段内,理论上它能让信号无衰减地通过电路,这一段称为通带外的其他信号将受到很大的衰减,具有很大衰减的频段称为阻带,通带与阻带的交界频率称为截止频率,对滤波器的基本要求是:(1)通带内信号的衰减要小,阻带内信号的衰减要大,由通带过渡到阻带的衰减特性陡直上升;(2)通带内的特性阻抗要恒为常数,以便于阻抗匹配.滤波器的分类如下:滤波器:1、无源滤波器 2、有源滤波器,无源滤波器又分为:RC滤波器和LC滤波器,RC滤波器又分为:1 低通RC滤波器 2 高通RC滤波器 3 带通RC滤波器 LC滤波器又分为:1 低通LC滤波器 2 高通LC滤波器 3 带阻LC滤波器 4 带通LC滤波器有源滤波器又分为:1 有源高通滤波器 2 有源低通滤波器 3 有源带通滤波器 4 有源带阻滤波器 目前滤波器的分析和设计方法有两种:一是影像参数分析法,二是工作参数分析法(又称综合法).前者设计简单,易于掌握,但这种滤波器的实测滤波特性与理论上的预定特性差别较大,在通带内又不能取得良好阻抗匹配,很难满足对滤波特性精度高的要求;后者是以网络综合理论为基础的分析方法,它选区找出与理想滤波特性相近似的网络函数,然后根据综合方法实现该网络函数,由这种方法设计出来的滤波器,实测的滤波特性与理论预定特性十分接近,所以适合于高精度的滤波器设计要求.1.RC滤波器[见表一] 表一 RC滤波器 高通滤波器低通滤波器带通滤波器多级滤波器 电路 (a) (b) (c) (d) 计算公式三分贝 fc≈1/6.28RC fc≈1/6.28RC fL≈1/[6.28C2(RL+RB)] fH≈(RL+RB)/6.28C1RLRB 一分贝 fc≈1/3.2RC fc≈1/3.2RC fL≈1/3.2C2(RL+RB) fH≈(RL+RB)/[3.2C1RLRB 计算实例已知:fc=10kHz R=1kΩ 则3分贝的电容值为:C≈1/6.28fcR =1/6.28×10×10 ×10 ≈0.015μF 已知fc=1kHZ R=3kΩ 则3分贝的电容值为:C≈1/6.28fcR =1/6.28×10×10 ×10 ≈0.015μF 已知:fH=200kHz,fL=15kHz 输入阻抗为10,输出阻抗为5kΩ ∵输入端和输出端要阻抗匹配 ∴令RL=10kΩ,RB=5kΩ,若按3分贝公式计算,则 C≈(RL+RB)/6.28fHRLRB=(10+5)×10 /6.28×200×10 ×10×5×10 =240pF C2≈1/6.28×15×10 ×(10+5)10 ≈680pF 特点 RC滤波器适用于滤除音频信号的一种简单滤波器,由于电容器的电抗随频率升高而减小,所以若串臂接电容C,并臂接电阻R就构成了高通滤波器低通滤波器的串臂接电阻R,并臂接电容C,由于电容器的容抗随频率升高而减小,所以信号的高频成分不能通过滤波器 fL为下限截止频率,fH为上限截止频率,通常fH>10fL以上,才能避免组合电路之间的显著干扰由于单级RC滤波器的过滤特性缓慢,若要暗加过滤特性的陡度可使用多级的RC滤波器,由图可见,每增加一级RC滤波器,其截止频率上的分贝衰减量将增加16dB 注明上述公式的单位是:R、RL、RB为Ω,C、C1、C2、为F,fc、fL、fH为Hz 2.LC滤波器 LC滤波器适用于高频信号的滤波,它由电感L和电容C所组成,由于感抗随频率增加而增加,而容抗随频率增加而减小,因此LC低通滤波器的串臂接电感,并臂接电容,高通滤波器的L、C位置,则与它相反,通常,LC滤波器有两类,一是定K式LC滤波器,二是m推演式LC滤波器.K式滤波器是指串臂阻抗Z1和并臂阻抗Z2的
下载一个filter solution
修改完阻抗以后,点一下circuilt键刷新电路图
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