推荐回答(2个)
牙龈炎有各种类型,但最常见的、发病率最高的是慢性单纯性龈炎,这种牙龈炎又称为不洁性龈炎、边缘性龈炎,通常所说的牙龈炎就是慢性单纯性龈炎。
慢性单纯性龈炎只侵犯牙龈组织,不侵犯其他牙周组织。这种龈炎是由于龈缘附近牙面上的菌斑引起的一种慢性炎症,病因明确,在儿童和青少年中较普遍,患病率在70%-90%左右,4-5岁以前通常不发生龈炎,大多数从5岁开始,随着年龄的增长,其患病率和严重性也逐渐增加,到青春期达高峰,青春期过后,牙龈炎的患病率随年龄的才长而缓慢下降,成年人牙龈炎患病率较低。
轻度的慢性单纯性牙龈炎所侵犯的是游高龈和龈乳头,严重者可侵犯附着龈、前牙区,尤以下颌前牙炎症明显。咬水果或刷牙时,牙龈出血。健康的牙龈即使用力刷牙,不会发生出血。正常的游离龈是很薄且紧贴牙面,牙龈有炎症时,龈缘充血发红、肿胀、松软,龈缘变厚,牙间乳头变为钝圆,与牙面不紧贴,而且龈沟加深,严重者附着龈可因组织水肿,点彩消失,表面光亮,龈缘可有糜烂或肉芽增生,龈袋溢脓。龈炎进一步发展,牙龈大量毛细血管增生扩张、高度充血,大量炎症细胞和组织液渗出,导致牙龈肥大,可覆盖部分牙冠,此时牙龈呈深红或暗红,探诊极易出血。病程较长者,可导致牙龈纤维增殖,牙龈增生突起,此时牙龈颜色轻度发红或接近正常,质地较硬,出血较少。
本病由于只侵犯牙龈,不侵犯其他牙周组织,所以牙齿不发生松动,X光片检查牙槽骨、牙周膜、牙骨质无异常。
由于牙龈炎病因明确,牙菌斑是发病的致病因素,且病变只局限在牙龈,因此,除去病因,消除菌斑,即可得到明显效果。病情轻者,通常采用洁治术(俗称洗牙)彻底清除牙石,控制菌斑,牙龈红肿、出物治疗或口服抗菌药物。发生牙龈增生者,则需施行牙龈成形术,即切除部分牙龈,恢复牙龈生理外形。经过上述治疗,牙龈炎症消除和牙龈形态恢复后,为保持和巩固疗效,必须坚持每天认真和合理刷牙,彻底清除牙菌斑。牙龈炎如不治疗,牙龈炎继续发展可侵犯深部牙周组织,发展为牙周炎。
牙龈出血,经常是牙龈发炎的结果;发炎又是牙垢、牙石刺激所致;牙垢、牙石的形成是没有经常彻底清除堆积在牙缝和龈袋中的食物碎屑和钙质所引起。刷牙漱口是清除这些病因的最有效方法。慢性牙龈炎是没有正确、经常地刷牙漱口的结果。预防牙龈出血的好办法是早晚有效地刷牙,饭后漱口。
药物:
用棉签蘸浸3%过氧化氢溶液(双氧水),涂搽牙龈缘,见有气泡形成,即用温水漱口。然后涂以2%碘甘油或碘伏。每日3次,直至牙龈痊愈为止。甲硝唑(灭滴灵)口颊片,口含,一日4~6次,溶菌酶、度米芬、氯己定口含片可任选其一。含漱,甲硝唑或氯己定,一日含漱其溶液4~6次。
参考资料:http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/5900241.html
几百块
一年还没好,估计牙龈深处有问题,补补吧
痛不痛,看医生了,一般不痛.
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