简述在居住小区给水管道布置与敷设时应注意哪些因素

2025-04-03 08:26:36
推荐回答(1个)
回答(1):

建筑内部排水管道的布置与敷设应满足排水通畅、水力条件好、维修方便、生产及使用各全、使用寿命长、防止水质及环境污染、经济美观等要求。

排水管道布置与敷设要求
1、管线最短、水力条件好。(2)排水立管应设在最脏、杂质最多及排水量最大的排水点处。排水管应以及短距离通向室外。(3)管排水管尽量呈直线布置,当受条件限制时,宜采用45度弯头或乙字管。(4)卫生器具排水管和排
水横支管宜采用90度斜三通连接。(5)横管与横管横管与立管宜采用45度三(四)通或90度三(四)通,也可以采用直角顺水三通或直角顺水四通等配件
(6)排水立管与排水管端部的连接,宜采用两个40度弯头或弯曲半径不小于4倍管径的90度弯头1.1.7排出管与室外排水管道连接时,排出管管顶标高不
得低于室外排水管管顶标高,其连接处的水流转角不得小于90度。当有跌落差并大于0.3m时,可不受角度限制。(7)最低排水检支管连接在排出管或排水检于管上时,连接点距立管底部水平距离不宜小于3.O m.(8)当排水立管仅设伸顶通气管(无专用通气管)时,最低排水横文管与立管连接处,距排水立管管底垂直距离,规范规定。(9)当建筑物超过10层时.底层生活污水应设单独管道排至室外。

2、便于安装、维修和清通(1)尽量避免排水管与其他管道或设备交叉。(2)管道一般应在地下埋设或敷设在地面上、楼板下明装,如建筑或工艺有特殊要求时在管槽、管道井、管沟或吊顶内暗设,但应便于安装和检修。(3)排水立管管中心与场面距离按照规范设定

3、生产及使用安全(1)排水管道的位置不得妨碍生产操作、交通运输或建筑物的使用。(2)徘水管道不得布置在遇水引起燃烧、撂炸或损坏的原料、产品与设备上面。(3)架空管道不得布置在居室、食堂、厨房主副食操作间的上方;也不能布量在食品储藏问、大厅、图书馆和对卫生有特殊要求的厂房内。(4)架空管道不得吊设在食品仓库、贵重商品仓库、通风室及配电问内。

4、保护管道不受损坏(1)排水埋地管道.不得布置在可能受重物施压处或穿越生产设备基础。在特殊情况下,应与有关专业协商处理。(2)排水管道不得穿过沉降缝、烟道和风
道,并不得穿过伸缩缝。当受条件限制必须穿过时,应采取相应的技术措施。(3)净空尺寸不得小于建筑物沉降量,一般不宜小于0.15m。其做法见4结水
《排水标准图集》S312,高层建筑的排出管应采取有效的防沉降措施。(4)排水立管穿越楼板时,应设套管,对于现浇楼板应预团孔洞或镶人套管,其孔洞尺
寸要求比管径大50-100m。(5)在厂房内排水管最小埋深应按照规范规定设置。在铁轨下应采用钢管或结水铸铁管,并且最小埋深不得小于1m.(6)铸铁排水管在下列情况下,应设置柔性接口。(a)高耸建筑物和建筑高度超过100m的建筑物内。(b)排水立管高度在100m以上或在抗震设防的9度地区。(c)其他建筑在条件许可时,也可采用柔性接口。(7)排水埋地管道应进行防腐处理。(8)徘水立管应采用管卡固定,管卡间距不得超过3.0,管卡宣设在立管接头处道采用支、吊架固定,间距不大于1.0m

5、防止水质污染

(1)下列设备和容器不得与污(废)水管道系统直接连接,应采取间接诽水的方式。(a)生活饮用水贮水稻(池)的泄水管和溢流管。(b)厨房内食品设备及洗涤设备的徘水。(c)医疗灭菌消毒设备的诽水。(d)蒸发式冷却器、空气冷却塔等空洞设备的排水。(e)贮存食品或饮料的冷藏间、冷藏库房的地础6水和冷风机溶霜水盘的月冰。间接排水是指卫生器具或用水设备诽出管(口)与诽水管道不能直接相连,中间应有空气隔断,使排水管出口直接与大气相通,以防止水质受到污染。

(2)排水管内部要保证清洁,在留有预留孔时,封堵物尽量选择干净宜排除之物,如透明胶、木板等等,如造成堵塞应即使清理,为以后的工程减少不必要的麻烦

(3)间接排水的漏斗或容器不得产生溅水、溢流,并应布置在容易检查、清洁的位置。

(4)排水管与其他管道共同埋设时,最小水平净距为1.0m-3.0m,垂直净距为0.15m-0.20m左右。如果排水管平行设在给水管之上,并高出净距1.5m以上时,其水平净距不得小于5.0m。交叉埋没时,垂直净距不得小于0.4m,并且给水管应设有保护套管。

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