推荐回答(3个)
大潮成因
1、天时
农历八月十六日至十八日,太阳、月球、地球几乎在一条直线上,所以这天海水受到的引潮力(月球、太阳或其他天体对地球上单位质量物体的引力和对地心单位质量物体的引力之差,或地球绕地-月(日)质心运动所产生的惯性离心力与月(日)引力的合力)最大。
2、地利
跟钱塘江口状似喇叭形有关。钱塘江南岸赭山以东近50万亩围垦大地像半岛似地挡住江口,使钱塘江赭山至外十二公里段酷似肚大口小的瓶子,潮水易进难退,杭州湾外口宽达100公里,到外十二工段仅宽几公里,江口东段河床又突然上升,滩高水浅。
当大量潮水从钱塘江口涌进来时,由于江面迅速缩小,使潮水来不及均匀上升,就只好后浪推前浪,层层相叠。其次还跟钱塘江水下多沉沙有关,这些沉沙对潮流起阻挡和摩擦作用,使潮水前坡变陡,速度减缓,从而形成后浪赶前浪,一浪叠一浪涌。

扩展资料:
大潮分类
1、交叉潮
由于长期的泥沙淤积,在江中形成一个沙洲,将从杭州湾传来的潮波分成两股,即东潮和南潮,两股潮头在绕过沙洲后,就像两兄弟一样交叉相抱,形成变化多端、异常壮观的交叉潮,呈现出“海面雷霆聚,江心瀑布横”的壮观景象。
两股潮在相碰的瞬间,激起一股水柱,高达数丈,浪花飞溅,惊心动魄。待到水柱落回江面,两股潮头已经呈十字形展现于江面上,并迅速向西奔驰。同时交叉点像雪崩似的迅速朝北转移,撞在顺直的海塘上,激起一团巨大的水花,跌落在塘顶上。
2、一线潮
看过大缺口的交叉潮之后,建议您赶快驱车到盐官,等待观看一线潮。未见潮影,先闻潮声。耳边传来轰隆隆的巨响,江面仍是风平浪静。响声越来越大,犹如擂起万面战鼓,震耳欲聋。远处,雾蒙蒙的江面出现一条白线,迅速西移,犹如“素练横江,漫漫平沙起白虹”。
江阻拦,直立的潮水又折身返回,形成一个"卷起沙堆似雪堆"的奇特回头潮。而此时江水前来后涌,上下翻卷,奔腾不息。
3、冲天潮
在南阳的赭山美女坝不仅会产生回头潮,还会产生“冲天潮”现象,冲天潮这是发生于堤、坝相交处的特种潮。是近景潮中最具欣赏魅力的潮。潮水如同被网兜兜住一样,在堤坝相交转弯角的处,潮水“哗”一声碰撞巨响,潮头直冲云天。
参考资料来源:百度百科-钱塘江大潮
钱塘潮是发生于我国浙江省钱塘江的潮汐现象。民间向来有观赏钱塘潮的习俗。 钱塘江位于我国浙江省,最终注入东海,在它入海口的海潮即为钱塘潮,天下闻名,每年都有不少游客前来观看这一奇景。海潮到来前,远处先呈现出一个细小的白点,转眼间变成了一缕银线,并伴随着一阵阵闷雷般的潮声,白线翻滚而至。几乎不给人们反应的时间,汹涌澎湃的潮水已呼啸而来,潮峰高达3—5米,后浪赶前浪,一层叠一层,宛如一条长长的白色带子,大有排山倒海之势。诗云:“钱塘一望浪波连,顷刻狂澜横眼前;看似平常江水里,蕴藏能量可惊天。”潮头由远而近,飞驰而来,潮头推拥,鸣声如雷,喷珠溅玉,势如万马奔腾。观潮始于汉魏,盛于唐宋,历经2000余年,已成为当地的习俗中也。[1]
中文名钱塘潮
外文名Qiantang Tide
地理位置浙江省杭州湾、钱塘江入海处
气候类型亚热带海洋性季风气候
占地面积2100平方公里
开放时间早上9点-下午1点
门票价格5元
著名景点盐官观潮景区、观潮胜地公园、海神庙等
别称钱塘江大潮、海宁潮、浙江潮
大潮类别交叉潮、一线潮、回头潮等
观潮地址嘉兴市海宁市盐官镇、丁桥镇等
所属地区中国华东
观潮时期农历八月十八?
钱江观潮,起于汉魏,盛于唐宋,历经2000余年。南宋定于每年农历八月十八日(所谓潮神生日),在钱塘江上检阅水师,以后相沿成习,把这一天作为观潮节。 传统的观潮胜地是海宁盐官镇,所以又称“海宁潮”。这一带有镇海塔、海神庙、中山亭等景点。
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